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🙏日光的法宝🙏
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Bhikkhu Bodhi
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sāsanāre-သာသနာရေး
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Ekakanipātapāḷi
Ekakanipātapāḷi

Ekadhammapāḷi

Author： _System_commentary_ @ Administrator

16. Ekadhammapāḷi

(16)1. Ekadhammapāḷi-paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā

296. EkadhammapāḷiyaṃV1.352 ekadhammoti ekasabhāvo . Ekantanibbidāyāti ekantena vaṭṭe nibbindanatthāya ukkaṇṭhanatthāya . Virāgāyāti vaṭṭe virajjanatthāya , rāgādīnaṃ vā kilesānaṃ virajjanāya vigamāya . NirodhāyātiP2.19 rāgādīnaṃ nirodhāya appavattikaraṇatthāya , vaṭṭasseva vā nirujjhanatthāya . Upasamāyāti kilesavūpasamanatthāya , abhiññāyāti aniccādivasena lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā abhijānanatthāya . Sambodhāyāti catunnaṃ saccānaṃ bujjhanatthāya ,‘‘ bodhi vuccati catūsu maggesu ñāṇan ’’ tiM1.366 ( mahāni .191; cūḷani . khaggavisāṇasuttaniddeso 121) evaṃ vuttassa vā catumaggañāṇassa paṭivijjhanatthāya . Nibbānāyāti appaccayanibbānassa sacchikaraṇatthāya . Iti bhagavā imehi sattahi padehi buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānassa vaṇṇaṃ kathesi . Kasmā ? Mahājanassa ussāhajananatthaṃ visakaṇṭakavāṇijo viya attano paṇiyassa . Visakaṇṭakavāṇijo nāma guḷavāṇijo vuccati . So kira guḷaphāṇitakhaṇḍasakkarādīni sakaṭenādāya paccantagāmaṃ gantvā ‘‘ visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhatha , visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhathā ’’ ti ugghosesi . Taṃ sutvā gāmikā ‘‘ visaṃ nāma kakkhaḷaṃ ghoraṃ . Yo naṃ khādati , so marati . Kaṇṭakampi vijjhitvā māreti , ubhopete kakkhaḷā . Ko ettha ānisaṃso ’’ ti gehadvārāni thakesuṃ , dārake ca palāpesuṃ . Taṃ disvā vāṇijo ‘ avohārakusalā ime gāmikā , handa ne upāyena gāhāpemī ’’ ti ‘‘ atimadhuraṃ gaṇhatha , atisāduṃ gaṇhatha , guḷaṃ phāṇitaṃ sakkaraṃ samagghaṃ labbhati , kūṭamāsakakūṭakahāpaṇādīhi vāpi labbhatī ’’ ti ugghosesi . Taṃ sutvā gāmikā tuṭṭhapahaṭṭhā vaggavaggā gantvā bahumpi mūlaṃ datvā aggahesuṃ . Tattha visakaṇṭakavāṇijassa ‘‘ visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhathā ’’ ti ugghosanaṃ viya bhagavato buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānakathanaṃ , visakaṇṭake vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā tassa gahaṇatthāya mahājanassaP2.20 ussāhakaraṇaṃV1.353 viya imehi sattahi padehi buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānassa vaṇṇabhaṇanena tassa mahājanassa ussāhakaraṇaṃ .
Katamo ekadhammoti kathetukamyatāpucchā .
Buddhānussatīti buddhaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati , buddhaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Taṃ panetaṃ buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānaṃ duvidhaṃ hoti cittasampahaṃsanatthañceva vipassanatthañca . Kathaṃ ? Yadā hi asubhārammaṇesu aññataraṃ bhāventassa bhikkhuno cittuppādo upahaññati ukkaṇṭhati nirassādo hoti , vīthiṃ nappaṭipajjati , kūṭagoṇo viya ito cito ca vidhāvati . Tasmiṃ khaṇe esa mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya ‘‘ itipi so bhagavā ’’ tiādinā nayena tathāgatassa lokiyalokuttaraguṇe anussarati . Tassevaṃ buddhaṃ anussarantassa cittuppādo pasīdati , vinīvaraṇo hotiM1.367 . So taṃ cittaṃ evaṃ dametvā puna mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃyeva manasi karoti . Kathaṃ ? Yathā nāma balavā puriso kūṭāgārakaṇṇikatthāya mahārukkhaṃ chindanto sākhāpalāsacchedanamatteneva pharasudhārāya vipannāya mahārukkhaṃ chindituṃ asakkontopi dhuranikkhepaṃ akatvāva kammārasālaṃ gantvā tikhiṇaṃ pharasuṃ kārāpetvā puna taṃ chindeyya . Evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ . So evaṃ buddhānussativasena cittaṃ paridametvā puna mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaronto asubhārammaṇaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā jhānaṅgāni sammasitvā ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati . Evaṃ tāva cittasampahaṃsanatthaṃ hoti . Yadā panesa buddhānussatiṃ anussaritvā ‘‘ ko ayaṃP2.21 itipi so bhagavātiādinā nayena anussari , itthi nu kho puriso nu kho devamanussamārabrahmānaṃ aññataro nu kho ’’ ti pariggaṇhanto ‘‘ na añño koci , satisampayuttaṃ pana cittameva anussarī ’’ ti disvā ‘‘ taṃ kho panetaṃ cittaṃ khandhato viññāṇakkhandho hoti , tena sampayuttā vedanā vedanākkhandho , tena sampayuttā saññā saññākkhandho , sahajātā phassādayo saṅkhārakkhandhoti ime cattāro arūpakkhandhā hontī ’’ ti arūpañca vavatthapetvā tassa nissayaṃ pariyesanto hadayavatthuṃ disvā tassa nissayāni cattāri mahābhūtāni , tāni upādāya pavattāni sesaupādārūpāni ca pariggahetvā ‘‘ sabbampetaṃ rūpaṃ rūpakkhandho ’’ ti vavatthapetvā ‘‘ idañca rūpaṃ purimañca arūpan ’’ ti saṅkhepato rūpārūpaṃ , pabhedato pañcakkhandhe puna ‘‘ saṅkhepato pañcapete khandhā dukkhasaccan ’’ ti dukkhasaccaṃ vavatthapetvā ‘‘ tassa pabhāvikā taṇhā samudayasaccaṃ , tassā nirodho nirodhasaccaṃ , nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccan ’’ ti evaṃ pubbabhāge cattāri ca saccāni vavatthapetvā paṭipāṭiyāV1.354 ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati . Tadāssa imaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanatthaṃ nāma hoti .
Ayaṃ khotiādi appanāvāro vuttanayeneva veditabbo .
297. Dhammānussati ādīsupi eseva nayo .
Ayaṃ panettha vacanattho – dhammaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati dhammānussati , svākkhātatādidhammaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Saṅghaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati saṅghānussati , suppaṭipannatādisaṅghaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃM1.368 adhivacanaṃ . Sīlaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati sīlānussati , akhaṇḍatādisīlaguṇārammaṇāyaP2.22 satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Cāgaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati cāgānussati , muttacāgatādicāgaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Devatā ārabbha uppannā anussati devatānussati , devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā attano saddhādiguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Ānāpāne ārabbha uppannā sati ānāpānassati , assāsapassāsanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Maraṇaṃ ārabbha uppannā sati maraṇassati , jīvitindriyupacchedārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Kesādibhedaṃ rūpakāyaṃ gatā , kāye vā gatāti kāyagatā , kāyagatā ca sā sati cāti kāyagatāsatīti vattabbe rassaṃ akatvā kāyagatāsatīti vuttā . Kesādikāyakoṭṭhāsanimittārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Upasamaṃ ārabbha uppannā anussati upasamānussati , sabbadukkhūpasamārammaṇāya satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Duvidho vā upasamo accantūpasamo ca khayūpasamo ca . Tattha accantūpasamo nāma nibbānaṃ , khayūpasamo nāma maggo . Evametaṃ duvidhampi upasamaṃ anussarantassa uppannā sati upasamānussatīti ayamettha attho . Iti imesu dasasu kammaṭṭhānesu ānāpānassati maraṇassati kāyagatāsatīti imāni tīṇi vipassanatthāneva honti , sesāni satta cittasampahaṃsanatthānipi hontīti .
Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā .

16. Ekadhammapāḷi (16)2. Ekadhammapāḷi-dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā

298. DutiyeV1.355P2.23 micchādiṭṭhīti dvāsaṭṭhividhāyapi micchādiṭṭhiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ .
Micchādiṭṭhikassāti tāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgatassa .
299. Sammādiṭṭhīti pañcavidhāyapi sammādiṭṭhiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ .
Sammādiṭṭhikassāti tāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgatassa .
302. Ayoniso manasikāroti anupāyamanasikāro .
303. YonisoM1.369 manasikāroti upāyamanasikāro . Tattha ayoniso manasikaroto pubbe anuppannā micchādiṭṭhi uppajjati , uppannā pana yāva niyāmokkamanā pavaḍḍhati . Niyāme okkante vaḍḍhitā nāma hoti .
Yoniso manasikaroto pubbe anuppannā sammādiṭṭhi uppajjati , uppannā pana yāva arahattamaggā pavaḍḍhati . Arahattaphale patte vaḍḍhitā nāma hoti .
304. Micchādiṭṭhiyā , bhikkhave , samannāgatā sattāti ettha ekaccā micchādiṭṭhi saggāvaraṇā ceva hoti maggāvaraṇā ca , ekaccā maggāvaraṇāva , na saggāvaraṇā , ekaccā neva saggāvaraṇā na maggāvaraṇā . Tattha ahetukadiṭṭhi , akiriyadiṭṭhi , natthikadiṭṭhīti ayaṃ tividhā saggāvaraṇā ceva hoti maggāvaraṇā ca . Dasavatthukā antaggāhikā micchādiṭṭhi maggāvaraṇāva hoti na saggāvaraṇā . Vīsativatthukā sakkāyadiṭṭhi neva saggāvaraṇā na maggāvaraṇā . Idaṃ pana vidhānaṃ paṭikkhipitvā imasmiṃ sutte ‘‘ micchādiṭṭhiyā , bhikkhave , samannāgatā ’’ ti vacanato antamaso vīsativatthukaṃ sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ upādāya diṭṭhi nāma saggaṃ upanetuṃ samatthā nāma natthi , ekantaṃP2.24 nirayasmiṃyeva nimujjāpetīti vuttaṃ . Yathā hi muggamāsappamāṇāpi pāsāṇasakkharā udake pakkhittā uppilavamānā nāma natthi , ekantaṃ heṭṭhāvaV1.356 pavisati , evamevaṃ antamaso sakkāyadiṭṭhipi saggaṃ upanetuṃ samatthā nāma natthi , ekantaṃ apāyesuyeva nimujjāpetīti .
305. Sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgatāti ettha kammassakatasammādiṭṭhi , jhānasammādiṭṭhi , vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi , maggasammādiṭṭhi , phalasammādiṭṭhīti pañcavidhā sammādiṭṭhi . Tattha kammassakatasammādiṭṭhi sampattibhavaṃ ākaḍḍhati , jhānasammādiṭṭhi rūpārūpabhave paṭisandhiṃ deti , maggasammādiṭṭhi vaṭṭaṃ viddhaṃseti , phalasammādiṭṭhi bhavaṃ paṭibāhati . Vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi kiṃ karotīti ? Sāpi paṭisandhiṃ nākaḍḍhati . Tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero panāha ‘‘ sace vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi bhāvitā diṭṭheva dhamme arahattaṃ pāpetuṃ sakkoti , iccetaṃ kusalaṃ . Sace na sakkoti , satta bhave deti , āvuso ’’ ti . Evamayaṃ lokiyalokuttarā sammādiṭṭhi kathitā . Imasmiṃ panatthe lokikā bhavanipphādikāva veditabbā .
306. YañcevaM1.370 kāyakammaṃ yathādiṭṭhi samattaṃ samādinnan ti ettha yathādiṭṭhīti yā yā diṭṭhi , tassā tassā anurūpaṃ . Samattan ti paripuṇṇaṃ . Samādinnan ti gahitaṃ . Tadetaṃ yathādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitakāyakammaṃ , diṭṭhisahajātaṃ kāyakammaṃ , diṭṭhānulomikaṃ kāyakammanti tividhaṃ hoti . Tattha ‘‘ pāṇaṃ hanato adinnaṃ ādiyato micchācāraṃ carato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ , natthi pāpassa āgamo ’’ ti yaṃP2.25 evaṃladdhikassa sato pāṇātipāta-adinnādāna-micchācārasaṅkhātaṃ kāyakammaṃ , idaṃ yathādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitakāyakammaṃ nāma . ‘‘ Pāṇaṃ hanato adinnaṃ ādiyato micchācāraṃ carato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ , natthi pāpassa āgamo ’’ ti imāya pana laddhiyā iminā dassanena sahajātaṃ kāyakammaṃ diṭṭhisahajātaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma . Tadeva pana samattaṃ samādinnaṃ gahitaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhānulomikaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma . Vacīkammādīsupi eseva nayo . Yathā panettha ‘‘ pāṇaṃ hanato adinnaṃ ādiyato micchācāraṃ carato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpan ’’ ti yojanā katā , evaṃ vacīkammamanokammesu ‘‘ musā bhaṇato , pisuṇaṃ kathentassa , pharusaṃ kathentassa , samphaṃ palapantassa , abhijjhāluno , byāpannacittassa , micchādiṭṭhikassa ca sato natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpan ’’ ti yojanā kātabbā . Yā ca cetanātiādīsu diṭṭhisahajātāva cetanā cetanā nāma , diṭṭhisahajātāva patthanā patthanā nāma , cetanāpatthanānaṃ vasena cittaṭṭhapanā paṇidhi nāma , tehi pana cetanādīhi sampayuttāV1.357 phassādayo saṅkhārā nāma .
Diṭṭhi hissa , bhikkhave , pāpikāti yasmā tassa puggalassa diṭṭhi pāpikā lāmikā .
Nikkhittan ti ropitaṃ . Upādiyatīti gaṇhāti . Kaṭukattāyāti idaṃ purimasseva vevacanaṃ . ‘‘ VaṇṇagandharasūpetoP2.26 , amboyaṃ ahuvā pure ; Tameva pūjaṃ labhamāno , kenambo kaṭukapphalo . ‘‘ Pucimandaparivāro , ambo te dadhivāhana ; Mūlaṃ mūlena saṃsaṭṭhaṃ , sākhā sākhā nisevare ; Asātasannivāsena , tenambo kaṭukapphalo ’’ ti .( jā .1.2.71-72)– ĀgataṭṭhāneM1.371 viya hi idhāpi kaṭukanti tittakaṃ veditabbaṃ . Asātattāyāti amadhurattāya . Imasmi pana bījūpamasutte ‘‘ diṭṭhīti niyatamicchādiṭṭhi gahitā ’’ ti porāṇakattherā āhaṃsu . Taṃ pana paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘ sabbānipi dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni gahitānī ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Anantarasutte ‘‘ pāṇātipātā viramantassa , adinnādānā viramantassa , micchācārā viramantassa natthi tatonidānaṃ puññan ’’ tiādinā nayena yathādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitakāyakammādīni yojetvā veditabbāni . Idha pana sammādiṭṭhisahajātā cittaṭṭhapanāva patthanāti veditabbā . Sammādiṭṭhi panettha lokiyalokuttarā kathitā . Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti .
Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā . 16. Ekadhammapāḷi (16)3. Ekadhammapāḷi-tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā
308. TatiyassaV1.358 paṭhame micchādiṭṭhikoti ayāthāvadiṭṭhiko . Viparītadassanoti tāyeva micchādiṭṭhiyā viparītadassano .
Saddhammā vuṭṭhāpetvāti dasakusalakammapathadhammato vuṭṭhāpetvā . AsaddhammeP2.27 patiṭṭhāpetīti dasaakusalakammapathasaṅkhāte asaddhamme patiṭṭhāpeti .
Ekapuggaloti cettha chahi satthārehi saddhiṃ devadatto ca aññe ca evarūpā veditabbā .
309. Dutiye sammādiṭṭhikoti yāthāvadiṭṭhiko . Aviparītadassanoti tāyeva sammādiṭṭhiyā aviparītadassano .
Asaddhammāti dasaakusalakammapathato . Saddhammeti dasakusalakammapathasaṅkhāte saddhamme .
Ekapuggaloti cettha anuppanne buddhe cakkavattī rājā sabbaññubodhisattoti evamādayo labbhanti , uppanne buddhe buddho ceva buddhasāvakā ca .
310. Tatiye micchādiṭṭhiparamānīti micchādiṭṭhi paramā etesanti micchādiṭṭhiparamāni . Pañca hi ānantariyakammāni mahāsāvajjāni nāma , tehipi micchādiṭṭhiyeva mahāsāvajjatarāti adhippāyo . Kasmā ? Tesañhi paricchedo atthi . Cattāri hi ānantariyakammāni niraye nibbattāpentīti vuttāniM1.372 . Saṅghabhedakammampi niraye kappaṭṭhitikameva hoti . Evametesaṃ paricchedo atthi , koṭi paññāyati . Niyatamicchādiṭṭhiyā pana paricchedo natthi . Sā hi vaṭṭassa mūlaṃ , tāya samannāgatassa bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ natthi . Ye tassa sotabbaṃ maññanti , tepi vippaṭipādeti . Tāya ca samannāgatassa neva saggo atthi na maggo . Kappavināse mahājane brahmaloke nibbattepi niyatamicchādiṭṭhiko tattha anibbattitvā piṭṭhicakkavāḷe nibbattati . Kiṃ pana piṭṭhicakkavāḷaṃP2.28 na jhāyatīti ? Jhāyati , tasmiṃ jhāyamānepi esa ākāse ekasmiṃ okāse paccatiyevāti vadanti .
311. Catutthe makkhalīti ‘‘ mā khalī ’’ ti vacanaṃ upādāya evaṃladdhanāmo titthakaro .
NadīmukhetiV1.359 dvinnaṃ nadīnaṃ samāgataṭṭhāne . Desanāmattamevetaṃ , dvinnaṃ kandarānaṃ , dvinnaṃ udakānaṃ , samuddassa ca , loṇiyā ca , samuddassa ca nadiyā cāti etesampi yassa kassaci samāgataṭṭhānaṃ , aññampi tathārūpaṃ udakaṃ . Khipan ti kuminaṃ . Uḍḍeyyāti oḍḍeyya . Manussā hi naḷehi vā ucchūhi vā veḷūhi vā palāsantisalākāya vā ekaṃ dve tayo vā kumbhe gaṇhanappamāṇakuminaṃ katvā mukhavaṭṭiyā yottena bandhitvā nadīmukhaṃ netvā dvīsu passesu khāṇuke koṭṭetvā yottehi tattha bandhanti , taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ . Tasmiñhi paviṭṭhassa khuddakassa macchassāpi mokkho natthi . Anayāyāti avaḍḍhiyā . Byāsanāyāti vināsāya .
Makkhali moghapurisoti ayaṃ makkhali gosālo tucchapuriso . Manussakhippaṃ maññe loke uppannoti mahājanassa saggamokkhagamanamagge tattha gamananivāraṇatthaṃ manussakuminaṃ viya loke uppanno .
312. Pañcamādīsu durakkhāte , bhikkhave , dhammavinayeti durakkhātadhammavinayo nāma bāhirakasāsanaṃ . Tattha hiP2.29 satthāpi asabbaññū hoti , dhammopi durakkhāto , gaṇopi duppaṭipanno .
Yo ca samādapetīti yo ācariyapuggalo samādapeti . Yañca samādapetīti yaṃ antevāsikaṃ samādapeti . Yo ca samādapito tathattāya paṭipajjatīti yo antevāsiko ācariyena samādapito tassa vacanaṃ karontoM1.373 tathābhāvāya paṭipajjati . Bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavantīti samādapako hi pāṇātipātādīsu jaṅghasataṃ samādapento tesaṃ sabbesampi akusalena samakameva akusalaṃ pāpuṇāti . Tenāha – ‘‘ sabbe te bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavantī ’’ ti .
313. Svākkhāteti suṭṭhu akkhāte sudesite . Evarūpe hi dhammavinaye satthā ca sabbaññū hoti , dhammo ca svākkhāto , gaṇo ca suppaṭipanno .
Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavantī ’’ ti .
Sabbe te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavantīti samādapako hi bhikkhū piṇḍāya paviṭṭhe disvā yāgubhattādīni samādapento sabbesampi dāyakānaṃ kusalena samakaṃ kusalaṃ pāpuṇāti .
314. Dāyakena mattā jānitabbāti dāyakapuggalena pamāṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ , pamāṇena dātabbaṃ , pūretvā atirekaṃ na dātabbaṃ . Na dātabbanti hi avatvā pamāṇavasena thokaṃ dātabbanti vuttaṃ . Kasmā ? Pūretvā atireke dinnepi hi atirekā manussasampatti vā dibbasampatti vā nibbānasampatti vā natthi .
No paṭiggāhakenāti paṭiggāhakassa pana mattaṃ jānitvāV1.360 paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ nāma natthi . Kasmā ? Tassa hi mattaṃ ñatvā pūretabbā mattapaṭiggahaṇamūlikā appicchapaṭipadā nāma natthi . Yattakaṃ pana labhati , tattakaṃ gahetabbaṃ . Atirekaggahaṇamūlaṃ hissa puttadārabharaṇaṃ bhavissati .
315. Paṭiggāhakena mattā jānitabbāti paṭiggāhakapuggalena pamāṇaṃP2.30 jānitabbaṃ . Kathaṃ ? Tena hi dāyakassa vaso veditabbo , deyyadhammassa vaso veditabbo , attano thāmo veditabbo . Yadi hi deyyadhammo bahu hoti , dāyako appaṃ dātukāmo , dāyakassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ . Deyyadhammo appo , dāyako bahuṃ dātukāmo , deyyadhammassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ . Deyyadhammopi bahu , dāyakopi bahuṃ dātukāmo , attano thāmaṃ ñatvā pamāṇeneva gaṇhitabbaṃ . Evaṃ mattaṃ ñatvā paṭiggaṇhanto hi appicchapaṭipadaṃ pūreti . Anuppannassa lābho uppajjati , uppanno lābho thāvarova hoti . Appasannā pasīdanti , pasannāpi bhiyyo pasādamāpajjanti , mahājanassa cakkhubhūto hoti , sāsanaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ karoti . TatrimāniM1.374 vatthūni – rohaṇajanapade kira kuṭimbiyavihāre eko daharo dubbhikkhasamaye tasmiṃ gāme ekassa kammakārassa gehe bhuñjanatthāya kaṭacchubhattaṃ gahetvā gamanatthāya ca kaṭacchubhattameva labhati . So ekadivasaṃ tasmiṃ gehe ekaṃ āgantukaṃ disvā ekameva kaṭacchubhattaṃ gaṇhi . Athassa ‘‘ kena kāraṇenā ’’ ti vutte tamatthaṃ vatvā so kulaputto pasīditvā ‘‘ amhākaṃ kulūpakabhadanto evarūpo nāmā ’’ ti rājadvāre mittāmaccānaṃ kathesi . Te sabbepi tassa appicchaguṇe pasannā ekadivaseneva saṭṭhi dhurabhattāni ṭhapesuṃ . Evaṃ appiccho anuppannalābhaṃ uppādeti . Saddhātissamahārājāpi cūḷupaṭṭhākaṃ tissāmaccaṃ vīmaṃsitvā tena ekaṃ tittiraṃ pacāpetvā āharāpesi . Atha paribhogasamaye ‘‘ aggaṃ datvā paribhuñjissāmī ’’ ti aṭṭhakasālapariveṇe mahātherassa bhaṇḍaggāhasāmaṇerassaP2.31 tittiramaṃsaṃ dento tasmiṃ thokaṃyeva paṭiggaṇhante tassa appicchaguṇe pasīditvā ‘‘ pasannosmi , tāta , aṭṭha te dhurabhattāni demī ’’ ti āha . Mahārāja , upajjhāyassa demīti . Aparānipi aṭṭha demīti . Tāni amhākaṃ ācariyassa demīti . Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti . Tāni samānupajjhāyānaṃ dammīti . Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti . TāniV1.361 bhikkhusaṅghassa dammīti . Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti . Sāmaṇero adhivāsesi . Evamassa uppanno lābho thāvaro hoti . Appasannā pasīdantīti etthapi – dīghabrāhmaṇo kira brāhmaṇe bhojento pañca pañca bhattasarakāni datvā santappetuṃ nāsakkhi . Athekadivasaṃ ‘‘ samaṇā kira nāma appicchā ’’ ti kathaṃ sutvā vīmaṃsanatthāya bhattaṃ gāhāpetvā bhikkhusaṅghassa bhattakiccakaraṇavelāya vihāraṃ gantvā tiṃsamatte bhikkhū bhojanasālāyaṃ bhuñjante disvā ekaṃ bhattasarakaṃ gahetvā saṅghattherassa santikaṃ agamāsi . Thero aṅguliṃ cāletvā thokameva aggahesi . Eteneva niyāmena ekaṃ bhattasarakaṃ sabbesaṃ sampāpuṇi . Tato brāhmaṇo ‘‘ saccoyeva etesaṃ samaṇānaṃ guṇo ’’ ti appicchatāya pasanno sahassaṃ vissajjetvā tasmiṃyeva vihāre cetiyaṃ kāresi . Evaṃ appasannā pasīdanti . PasannāM1.375 bhiyyo pasīdantīti ettha vatthunā kiccaṃ natthi . Pasannānañhi appicchaṃ disvā pasādo bhiyyo vaḍḍhatiyeva . Majjhantikatissattherasadise pana appicche disvā mahājanoP2.32 appiccho bhavituṃ maññatīti appiccho mahājanassa cakkhubhūto nāma hoti . ‘‘ Appicchatā , bhikkhave , saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .1.116-129) vacanato pana appiccho sāsanaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ karoti nāma . No dāyakenāti svākkhāte dhammavinaye pana dāyakassa pamāṇaṃ ñatvā dātabbakiccaṃ nāma natthi . Yattako deyyadhammo atthi , tattakaṃ avattharitvā dātuṃ vaṭṭati . Avattharitvā dinnakāraṇā hi esa manussasampattiṃ , dibbasampattiṃ , nibbānasampattiñca avattharitvā uttaruttari paṇītapaṇītameva labhati .
316. Yo āraddhavīriyo , so dukkhaṃ viharatīti pañcātapatappanamaruppapātapatanādiccānuparivattana-ukkuṭikappadhānādīni anuyuñjanto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharatiV1.362 , tasseva bāhirasamaye samādinnassa tapacaraṇassa vipākena niraye uppajjitvā samparāyepi dukkhaṃ viharati .
317. Yo kusīto , so dukkhaṃ viharatīti ayampi diṭṭhe dhamme ceva samparāye ca dukkhaṃ viharati . Kathaṃ ? Yassa hi pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya yoniso manasikāro natthi , buddhavacanaṃ na uggaṇhāti , ācariyupajjhāyavattaṃ na karoti , cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ na karoti . Janassa pana saddhādeyyaṃ apaccavekkhitaparibhogena paribhuñjitvā divasaṃ seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ anuyuñjitvā pabuddhakāle tayo vitakke vitakketi . So katipāhenevaP2.33 bhikkhubhāvā cavati ? Evaṃ diṭṭhadhamme ca dukkhaṃ viharati . Pabbajitvā pana samaṇadhammassa sammā akatattā ca – ‘‘ Kuso yathā duggahito , hatthamevānukantati ; Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ , nirayāyupakaḍḍhatī ’’ ti .( dha . pa .311)– Apāyasmiṃyeva paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhati . Evaṃ samparāyepi dukkhaṃ viharati .
318. YoM1.376 kusīto , so sukhaṃ viharatīti kālena kālaṃ vuttappakāre tapacaraṇe kiñci kiñci tapacaraṇaṃ katvā kālena kālaṃ odātavatthavasano mālāgandhavilepanadharo madhurabhojanaṃ bhuñjanto mudukāsu seyyāsu sayanto diṭṭhe dhamme ceva sukhaṃ viharati samparāye ca . So hi tassa tapacaraṇassa gāḷhaṃ aggahitattā nātibahuṃ niraye dukkhaṃ anubhavati . Tasmā samparāye sukhaṃ viharati nāma .
319. Yo āraddhavīriyo , so sukhaṃ viharatīti āraddhavīriyo hi pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya vattesu paripūrakārī hoti , buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhāti , yoniso manasikāre kammaṃ karoti . Athassa vattapūraṇañceva uggahitabuddhavacanañca samaṇadhammakiriyañca āvajjentassa cittaṃ pasīdati . Evaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati . Diṭṭhadhamme pana arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ asakkonto nibbattabhave khippābhiñño hotīti samparāyepi sukhaṃ viharati nāma .
320. SeyyathāpiV1.363 , bhikkhave , appamattakopi gūtho duggandho hotīti idaṃ suttaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ vuttaṃ . Kataraaṭṭhuppattiyanti ? Navakanipāte ( a . ni .9.12) sattuppādasutta aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ . TathāgatoP2.34 hi taṃ atthaṃ kathento – ‘‘ nava puggalā nirayato muttā , tiracchānayonito muttā , pettivisayato muttā ’’ ti kathesi . Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘ sace kho pana me puttā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ sutvā khīṇanirayamhā khīṇatiracchānayonikā khīṇapettivisayā khīṇāpāyaduggativinipātāti maññamānā uparimaggaphalatthāya vāyamituṃ na maññeyyuṃ , tesaṃ saṃvegaṃ janessāmī ’’ ti saṃvegajananatthaṃ ‘‘ seyyathāpi , bhikkhave ’’ ti imaṃ suttamārabhi . Tattha appamattakoti thokamattako parittappamāṇo , antamaso kusaggenapi gahetvā upasiṅghiyamāno duggandhova hoti .
Appamattakampi bhavaṃ na vaṇṇemīti appamattakampi kālaṃ bhave paṭisandhiṃ na vaṇṇayāmi . Idānissa upamaṃ dassento āha – antamaso accharāsaṅghātamattampīti . Sabbantimena paricchedena dve aṅguliyo ekato katvā paharaṇamattampi kālanti vuttaṃ hoti . Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti . Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā . 16. Ekadhammapāḷi (16)4. Ekadhammapāḷi-catutthavaggavaṇṇanā
322. CatutthavaggassaV1.364M1.377 paṭhame jambudīpeti jambuyā paññāto pākaṭo dīpoti jambudīpo . Imassa kira dīpassa saññāṇabhūtā yojanasatubbedhā paṇṇāsayojanasākhā pañcadasayojanāvaṭṭakkhandhā himavantapabbate jātā kappaṭṭhāyinī mahājambū nāma atthi , tāya ayaṃ dīpo jambudīpoti vuccati . Yathā ca imasmiṃ dīpe jamburukkho kappaṭṭhāyī , tathā aparagoyāne kadambarukkho , uttarakurūsu kapparukkho , pubbavidehe sirīsarukkho , asurānaṃ cittapāṭalirukkho , supaṇṇānaṃ simbalirukkhoP2.35 , devānaṃ pāricchattakoti imepi kappaṭṭhāyinova . ‘‘ Pāṭalī simbalī jambū , devānaṃ pāricchattako ; Kadambo kapparukkho ca , sirīso bhavati sattamo ’’ ti . Ārāmarāmaṇeyyakan ti pupphārāmaphalārāmānaṃ rāmaṇeyyakaṃ veḷuvana-jīvakambavana-jetavanapubbārāmasadisaṃ . Taṃ imasmiṃ jambudīpe appamattakaṃ parittakaṃ , na bahukanti attho . Sesapadesupi eseva nayo . Ettha vanarāmaṇeyyakan ti nāgavanasālavanacampakavanādisadisaṃ vaṅkapabbatahimavantapabbatapadesādīsu araññavanaṃ veditabbaṃ . Bhūmirāmaṇeyyakan ti jetavanavihāramagadhakkhettādisadisaṃ samaṃ bhūmiṭṭhānaṃ . Pokkharaṇirāmaṇeyyakan ti jetavanapokkharaṇigaggarāpokkharaṇisadisānaṃ vaṭṭacaturassadīghavaṅkādisaṇṭhānānaṃ pokkharaṇīnaṃ sannivesanaṭṭhānaṃ .
Ukkūlavikūlan ti ukkūlañca vikūlañca . Tattha ukkūlaṃ unnataṭṭhānaṃ , vikūlaṃ ninnaṭṭhānaṃ . Nadīviduggan ti nadīnaṃ bhinnaṭṭhānaṃ taṃ duggamattā nadīvidugganti vuccati . Khāṇukaṇṭakaṭṭhānan tiP2.36 tatthajātakānañceva āhariyamānānañca khāṇukaṇṭakādīnaṃ patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ . Pabbatavisaman ti girivisamaṃ .
Ye odakāti ye ca udake jāyanti , teyeva bahutarā . Ito kira suvaṇṇabhūmi sattamattāni yojanasatāni hoti , ekena vātena gacchantī nāvā sattahi ahorattehi gacchati . AthekasmiṃV1.365 samaye evaṃ gacchantī nāvā sattāhampi nandiyāvaṭṭamacchapiṭṭheneva gatā . Evaṃ odakānaṃ sattānaṃ bahubhāvo veditabbo . Apica thalaṭṭhānassa parittabhāvena udakassa ca bahubhāvenāpi ayamattho veditabbo . Yathā hi mahātaḷāke ekova uppalagacchoM1.378 assa , tassa cattāri ca paṇṇāni , majjhe ca ekaṃ uppalamakulaṃ assa . Evamevaṃ cattāri paṇṇāni viya cattāro dīpā , majjhe uppalamakulaṃ viya sinerupabbato , sesaṃ udakaṃ viya udakaparikkhitto okāso . Tassa mahantabhāvo iddhimantānaṃ pākaṭo hoti . Tesañhi ākāsena gacchantānaṃ cattāro mahādīpā cattāri paṇṇāni viya upaṭṭhahanti , sinerupabbato majjhe uppalamakulaṃ viya , sesaṃ udakaṃ viya udakaparikkhitto okāso . Evaṃ mahante udake jātattā odakāva bahutarā veditabbā .
323. Dutiyādīsu aññatra manussehīti idha cattāro apāyā aññatra manussehīti adhippetā .
Majjhimesu janapadesūti ‘‘ puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo , tassa parena mahāsālā , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe . Puratthimadakkhiṇāya disāyaP2.37 sallavatī nāma nadī , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe . Dakkhiṇāya disāya setakaṇṇikaṃ nāma nigamo , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe . Pacchimāya disāya thūṇaṃ nāma brāhmaṇagāmo , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe . Uttarāya disāya usīraddhajo nāma pabbato , tato parā paccantimā janapadā , orato majjhe ’’ ti ( mahāva .259) evaṃ paricchinne janapadeti attho . Ayañhi janapado mudiṅgasaṇṭhāno ujukena katthaci asītiyojano hoti , katthaci yojanasatiko , katthaci dviyojanasatiko , majjhena pana tiyojanasatiko , pariyantaparikkhepena navamattayojanasatiko hoti . Ettake ṭhāne buddhapaccekabuddhā mahāsāvakā buddhupaṭṭhākā buddhasāvakā buddhamātā buddhapitā cakkavattī rājāti ime sattā nibbattanti . Apica upādāyupādāyāpi majjhimapadeso labbhati . Sakalopi hi jambudīpo majjhimapadeso nāma , sesadīpā paccantimā janapadā . Tambapaṇṇidīpe anurādhapuraṃ majjhimapadeso nāma , seso paccantoti evaṃ nayo veditabbo .
324. PaññavantoV1.366 ajaḷā aneḷamūgāti ettha kammassakatapaññā , jhānapaññā vipassanāpaññā , maggapaññā , phalapaññāti etāhi samannāgatā paññavantoM1.379 nāma , amūḷhā ajaḷā nāma . Yesaṃ eḷā mukhato na galati , te aneḷamūgā nāma , aneḷamukhā niddosamukhāti attho . Paṭibalāti samatthā , kāyabalena ceva ñāṇabalena ca samannāgatā . Atthamaññātun ti atthānatthaṃ kāraṇākāraṇaṃ jānituṃ .
Duppaññāti appaññā nippaññā . JaḷātiP2.38 mandā momūhā .
325. Ariyena paññācakkhunāti sahavipassanena maggena . Avijjāgatāti avijjandhakārena samannāgatā .
326. Ye labhanti tathāgataṃ dassanāyāti ye tathāgatassa guṇe jānitvā tathāgataṃ cakkhuviññāṇena passituṃ labhanti .
327. Tathāgatappaveditan ti tathāgatena paveditaṃ pakāsetvā kathitaṃ . Savanāyāti sotaviññāṇena sotuṃ .
328. Dhārentīti na pammussanti .
329. Dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhantīti paguṇāya pāḷiyā atthānatthaṃ upaparikkhanti .
330. Atthamaññāya dhammamaññāyāti aṭṭhakathañca pāḷiñca jānitvā . Dhammānudhammaṃ paṭipajjantīti anulomapaṭipadaṃ pūrenti .
331. Saṃvejanīyesu ṭhānesūti saṃvegajanakesu kāraṇesu . Saṃvijjantīti saṃvegaṃ āpajjanti .
332. Yoniso padahantīti upāyena padhānavīriyaṃ karonti .
333. Vavassaggārammaṇan tiV1.367 vavassaggo vuccati nibbānaṃ , taṃ ārammaṇaṃ karitvāti attho . Labhanti samādhin ti maggasamādhiñca phalasamādhiñca pāpuṇanti .
334. Annaggarasaggānan ti uttamannānañca uttamarasānañca . Ettha ca yo kassacideva khādanīyassa bhojanīyassa atthāya citte uppanne taṃkhaṇaṃyeva na taṃ labhati , ayaṃ annaggarasaggānaṃ na lābhī nāma . Yassapi taṃkhaṇaṃyeva labhitvā olokentassa vaṇṇagandharasā amanāpā honti , ayampi annaggarasaggānaṃ na lābhī nāma . Yassa pana vaṇṇagandharasā paṭilabhanti , manāpā honti , ayaṃ annaggarasaggānaṃ lābhī nāma . So uttamakoṭiyā cakkavattī rājā , heṭṭhimakoṭiyā dhammāsoko veditabbo . Saṅkhepato hi yassa bhattassa ekapāti satasahassaṃ agghati , idaṃ annaggarasaggaṃ nāma .
Uñchena kapālābhatena yāpentīti uñchācārena vanamūlaphalāphalenaP2.39 vā kapālenaM1.380 ābhatabhattena vā yāpenti . Yaṃ pana bhikkhusaṅghaṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ disvā manussā uttamapaṇītaṃ bhattaṃ denti , idaṃ kiṃ nāmāti ? Idaṃ uñchena kapālābhatena yāpente upādāya annaggarasaggaṃ nāma vuccatīti .
335. Attharasassātiādīsu attharaso nāma cattāri sāmaññaphalāni , dhammaraso nāma cattāro maggā , vimuttiraso nāma amatanibbānaṃ . Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti .
Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā . Jambudīpapeyyālo niṭṭhito . 17. Pasādakaradhammavaggavaṇṇanā