4. Mettagūmāṇavasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā
18. Catutthe
P0.19 mettagūsutte – maññāmi taṃ vedagū bhāvitattan ti ‘‘ ayaṃ vedagū ’’ ti ca ‘‘ bhāvitatto ’’ ti ca evaṃ taṃ maññāmi .Aparittoti na appo .
Mahantoti na khuddako .
Gambhīroti na uttāno .
Appameyyoti minituṃ na sakkuṇeyyo .
Duppariyogāḷhoti avagāhituṃ otarituṃ dukkho .
Bahuratano sāgarūpamoti bahūnaṃ dhammaratanānaṃ ākarattā anekavidharatanasampanno mahāsamuddo viya bahuratano sāgarasadiso .
Na maṅku hotīti na vikuṇitamukho hoti .
Appatiṭṭhitacittoti dosavasena na ghanībhūtacitto .
Alīnamanasoti na saṅkucitacitto .
Abyāpannacetasoti na pūticitto .
Diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattoti cakkhuvisaye rūpārammaṇe diṭṭhamattoyeva taṃ ārammaṇaṃ bhavissati , kattā vā kāretā vā natthi .
Yaṃ cakkhunā diṭṭhaṃ vaṇṇāyatanameva .
Sutā dīsupi eseva nayo .
Api ca diṭṭheti dassanayogena vaṇṇāyatanaṃ , savanayogena saddāyatanaṃ , mutayogena ghānajivhākāyāyatanāni dasseti .
Ghānassa gandhāyatanaṃ , jivhāya rasāyatanaṃ , kāyassa pathavī tejo vāyūti phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ , viññātayogena dhammāyatanaṃ dasseti .
Diṭṭhe anūpayoti cakkhuviññāṇena diṭṭhe rāgūpayavirahito .
Anapāyoti kodhavirahito appaṭigho
M0.18 .Anissitoti taṇhāya anallīno .
Appaṭibaddhoti mānena na baddho .
Vippamuttoti sabbārammaṇato mutto .
Visaññuttoti kilesehi viyutto hutvā ṭhito .
Saṃvijjati bhagavato cakkhūti buddhassa bhagavato pakatimaṃsacakkhu
P0.20 upalabbhati .Passatīti
V0.17 dakkhati oloketi .Cakkhunā rūpan ti cakkhuviññāṇena rūpārammaṇaṃ .
Chandarāgoti taṇhāchando .
Dantaṃ nayanti samitin ti uyyānakīḷāmaṇḍalādīsu hi mahājanamajjhaṃ gacchantā dantameva goṇaṃ vā dantaṃ assājānīyaṃ vā yāne yojetvā nayanti .
Rājāti tathārūpāneva ṭhānāni gacchanto rājāpi dantameva abhiruhati .
Manussesūti manussesupi catūhi ariyamaggehi danto nibbisevanova seṭṭho .
Yotivākyan ti evarūpaṃ atikkammavacanaṃ punappunaṃ vuccamānampi titikkhati nappatippharati na vihaññati , evarūpo danto seṭṭhoti attho .
Assatarāti vaḷavāya gadrabhena jātā .
Ājānīyāti yaṃ assadammasārathi kāraṇaṃ kāreti , tassa khippaṃ jānanasamatthā .
Sindhavāti sindhavaraṭṭhe jātā assā .
Mahānāgāti kuñjarasaṅkhātā mahāhatthino .
Attadantoti ete assatarā vā sindhavā vā kuñjarā vā dantāva , na adantā .
Yo pana catumaggasaṅkhātena attano dantatāya attadanto nibbisevano , ayaṃ tatopi varaṃ , sabbehipi etehi uttaritaroti attho .
Na hi etehi yānehīti yāni etāni hatthiyānādīni uttamayānāni , etehi yānehi koci puggalo supinantenapi agatapubbattā ‘‘ agatan ’’ ti saṅkhātaṃ nibbānadisaṃ tathā na gaccheyya .
Yathā pubbabhāge indriyadamena dantena , aparabhāge ariyamaggabhāvanāya sudantena danto nibbisevano sappañño puggalo taṃ agatapubbaṃ disaṃ gacchati , dantabhūmiṃ pāpuṇāti , tasmā attadamanameva varataranti attho ( dha . pa . aṭṭha .2.322; mahāni . aṭṭha .90).
Vidhāsu na vikampantīti navavidhamānakoṭṭhāsesu na calanti na vedhenti .
Vippamuttā punabbhavāti kammakilesato samucchedavimuttiyā suṭṭhu muttā .
Dantabhūmiṃ anuppattāti
P0.21 arahattaphalaṃ pāpuṇitvā ṭhitā .Te loke vijitāvinoti
M0.19 te vuttappakārā khīṇāsavā sattaloke vijitavijayā nāma ( saṃ . ni . aṭṭha .2.3.76; mahāni . aṭṭha .90).Yassindriyāni bhāvitānīti yassa khīṇāsavassa saddhādipañcindriyāni arahattaphalaṃ pāpetvā vaḍḍhitāni .
Ajjhattañca bahiddhā cāti cakkhādiajjhattāyatanāni ca rūpādibahiddhāyatanāni ca nibbisevanāni katāni .
Sabbaloketi sakalatedhātuke loke ca .
Nibbijjha imaṃ parañca lokan ti imañca attabhāvaṃ paraloke ca attabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā ṭhito khīṇāsavo
V0.18 .Kālaṃ kaṅkhati bhāvito sa dantoti so khīṇāsavo cakkhādito danto vaḍḍhitacitto maraṇakālaṃ pattheti ( su . ni . aṭṭha .2.522; mahāni . aṭṭha .90).
Yesaṃ dhammānaṃ ādito samudāgamanaṃ paññāyatīti yesaṃ khandhādidhammānaṃ uppatti paññāyati .
Atthaṅgamato nirodhoti atthaṅgamanavasena tesaṃyeva abhāvo paññāyati .
Kammasannissito vipākoti kusalākusalakammanissito vipāko kammaṃ amuñcitvā pavattanato vipākopi kammasannissitova nāma .
Nāmasannissitaṃ rūpan ti sabbarūpaṃ nāmaṃ gahetvā pavattanato nāmasannissitaṃ nāma jātaṃ .
Jātiyā anugatan ti sabbaṃ kammādikaṃ jātiyā anupaviṭṭhaṃ .
Jarāya anusaṭan ti jarāya patthaṭaṃ .
Byādhinā abhibhūtan ti byādhidukkhena abhimadditaṃ .
Maraṇena abbhāhatan ti maccunā abhihaṭaṃ pahaṭaṃ .
Atāṇan ti puttādīhipi tāyanassa abhāvato atāyanaṃ anārakkhaṃ alabbhaṇeyyaṃ khemaṃ vā .
Aleṇan ti allīyituṃ nissayituṃ anarahaṃ , allīnānampi na leṇakiccakaraṇaṃ .
Asaraṇan ti nissitānaṃ na bhayahārakaṃ , na bhayavināsakaṃ .
Asaraṇībhūtan ti pure uppattiyā attano abhāveneva asaraṇaṃ , uppattisamakālameva asaraṇabhūtanti attho .
19. Apucchasīti ettha a -iti padapūraṇamatte nipāto , pucchasitveva attho .
Pavakkhāmi yathā pajānan ti yathā pajānanto ācikkhati , evaṃ ācikkhissāmi .
Upadhinidānā pabhavanti dukkhāti taṇhādiupadhinidānā jātiādidukkhavisesā pabhavanti .
Taṇhūpadhīti
P0.22M0.20 taṇhā eva taṇhūpadhi .Sassatucchedadiṭṭhi eva diṭṭhūpadhi .
Rāgādikilesā eva kilesūpadhi .
Puññādikammāni eva kammūpadhi .
Tividhaduccaritāniyeva duccaritūpadhi .
Kabaḷīkārādayo āhārā eva āhārūpadhi .
Dosapaṭigho eva paṭighūpadhi .
Kammasamuṭṭhānā kammeneva gahitā pathavādayo catasso dhātuyova catasso upādinnadhātuyo upadhī .
Cakkhādichaajjhattikāni āyatanāni eva cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni upadhī .
Cakkhuviññāṇādichaviññāṇakāyāva cha viññāṇakāyā upadhī .
Sabbampi dukkhaṃ dukkhamanaṭṭhenāti sabbatebhūmakaṃ dukkhaṃ dussahanaṭṭhena upadhi .
20. Evaṃ upadhinidānato pabhavantesu dukkhesu – yo ve avidvāti gāthā .
Tattha pajānan ti saṅkhāre aniccādivasena jānanto .
Dukkhassa jātippabhavānupassīti vaṭṭadukkhassa jātikāraṇaṃ ‘‘ upadhī ’’ ti anupassanto .
Imissā gāthāya niddese vattabbaṃ natthi .
21. Sokapariddavañcāti
V0.19 sokañca paridevañca .Tathā hi te vidito esa dhammoti yathā yathā sattā jānanti , tathā tathā ñāpanavasena vidito esa tayā dhammoti .
Tattha tarantīti paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhoghaṃ taranti .
Uttarantīti dutiyamaggena kāmoghaṃ tanukaraṇavasena uggantvā taranti .
Patarantīti tameva niravasesappahānavasena tatiyamaggena visesena taranti .
Samatikkamantīti bhavoghaavijjoghappahānavasena catutthamaggena sammā atikkamanti .
Vītivattantīti phalaṃ pāpuṇitvā tiṭṭhanti .
22. Kittayissāmi te dhamman ti nibbānadhammaṃ nibbānagāminipaṭipadādhammañca te desayissāmi .
Diṭṭhe dhammeti diṭṭheva dukkhādidhamme , imasmiṃyeva vā attabhāve .
Anītihan ti attapaccakkhaṃ .
Yaṃ viditvāti yaṃ dhammaṃ ‘‘ sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā ’’ tiādinā ( dha . pa .277; theragā .676; kathā .753) nayena sammasanto viditvā .
Tattha ādikalyāṇan ti hitvāpi anuttaraṃ vivekasukhaṃ dhammaṃ tava kittayissāmi , tañca kho appaṃ vā bahuṃ vā kittayanto ādikalyāṇādippakārameva kittayissāmi .
Ādimhi kalyāṇaṃ bhaddakaṃ anavajjameva katvā kittayissāmi
P0.23 .Majjhepi .
Pariyosānepi bhaddakaṃ anavajjameva katvā kittayissāmīti
M0.21 vuttaṃ hoti .Yasmiñhi bhagavā ekagāthampi desesi , sā samantabhaddakattā dhammassa paṭhamapādena ādikalyāṇā , dutiyatatiyapādehi majjhekalyāṇā , pacchimapādena pariyosānakalyāṇā .
Ekānusandhikaṃ suttaṃ nidānena ādikalyāṇaṃ , nigamanena pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ , sesena majjhekalyāṇaṃ .
Nānānusandhikaṃ suttaṃ paṭhamānusandhinā ādikalyāṇaṃ , pacchimena pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ , sesehi majjhekalyāṇaṃ .
Api ca sanidānauppattittā ādikalyāṇaṃ , veneyyānaṃ anurūpato atthassa aviparītatāya ca hetudāharaṇayuttato ca majjhekalyāṇaṃ , sotūnaṃ saddhāpaṭilābhajananena nigamanena ca pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ .
Sakalo hi sāsanadhammo attano atthabhūtena sīlena ādikalyāṇo , samathavipassanāmaggaphalehi majjhekalyāṇo , nibbānena pariyosānakalyāṇo .
Sīlasamādhīhi vā ādikalyāṇo , vipassanāmaggehi majjhekalyāṇo , phalanibbānehi pariyosānakalyāṇo .
Buddhasubodhitāya vā ādikalyāṇo , dhammasudhammatāya majjhekalyāṇo , saṅghasuppaṭipattiyā pariyosānakalyāṇo
V0.20 .Taṃ sutvā tathattāya paṭipannena adhigantabbāya abhisambodhiyā vā ādikalyāṇo , paccekabodhiyā majjhekalyāṇo , sāvakabodhiyā pariyosānakalyāṇo .
Suyyamāno cesa nīvaraṇavikkhambhanato bhavanenapi kalyāṇameva āvahatīti ādikalyāṇo , paṭipajjiyamāno samathavipassanāsukhāvahanato paṭipattiyāpi kalyāṇameva āvahatīti majjhekalyāṇo , tathāpaṭipanno ( pārā . aṭṭha .1.1) ca paṭipattiphale niṭṭhite tādibhāvāvahanato paṭipattiphalenapi kalyāṇameva āvahatīti pariyosānakalyāṇoti .
Yaṃ panesa bhagavā dhammaṃ desento sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ maggabrahmacariyañca pakāseti , nānānayehi dīpeti .
Taṃ yathānurūpaṃ atthasampattiyā sātthaṃ .
Byañjanasampattiyā sabyañjanaṃ .
Saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattiatthapadasamāyogato sātthaṃ .
Akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesasampattiyā sabyañjanaṃ .
Atthagambhīratāpaṭivedhagambhīratāhi sātthaṃ
M0.22 .Dhammagambhīratādesanāgambhīratāhi sabyañjanaṃ .
Atthapaṭibhānapaṭisambhidāvisayato sātthaṃ .
Dhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāvisayato
P0.24 sabyañjanaṃ .Paṇḍitavedanīyato sarikkhakajanappasādakanti sātthaṃ .
Saddheyyato lokiyajanappasādakanti sabyañjanaṃ .
Gambhīrādhippāyato sātthaṃ .
Uttānapadato sabyañjanaṃ .
Upanetabbassa abhāvato sakalaparipuṇṇabhāvena kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ .
Apanetabbassa abhāvato niddosabhāvena parisuddhaṃ .
Api ca – paṭipattiyā adhigamabyattito sātthaṃ .
Pariyattiyā āgamabyattito sabyañjanaṃ .
Sīlādipañcadhammakkhandhayuttato kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ .
Nirupakkilesato nittharaṇatthāya pavattito lokāmisanirapekkhato ca parisuddhaṃ .
Sikkhattayapariggahitattā brahmabhūtehi seṭṭhehi caritabbato , tesañca cariyabhāvato brahmacariyaṃ ( pārā . aṭṭha .1.1).
Evaṃ pariyattidhammaṃ dassetvā idāni lokuttaradhammaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ cattāro satipaṭṭhāne ’’ ti āha .
Sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhamme dassetvā nibbattitalokuttaraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ nibbānañcā ’’ ti āha .
Nibbānagāminiñca paṭipadan ti pubbabhāgasīlasamādhivipassanādhammañca kittayissāmi .
Dukkhe diṭṭheti dukkhasacce sarasalakkhaṇena diṭṭhe dukkhasaccaṃ pakāsessāmi .
Samudayā dīsupi eseva nayo .
23. Tañcāhaṃ
V0.21 abhinandāmīti taṃ vuttappakāradhammajotakaṃ tava vacanaṃ ahaṃ patthayāmi .Dhammamuttaman ti tañca dhammamuttamaṃ abhinandāmi .
Tattha mahato tamokāyassa padālanan ti mahato avijjārāsissa chedanaṃ .
Aniccalakkhaṇavasena esī .
Dukkhalakkhaṇavasena gavesī .
Anattalakkhaṇavasena samantato pariyesī .
Mahato vipallāsassa pabhedanan ti mahantassa asubhe subhantiādidvādasavidhassa vipallāsassa bhedanaṃ .
Mahato taṇhāsallassa abbahanan ti mahantassa antotudanaṭṭhena taṇhākaṇṭakassa luñcanaṃ .
Diṭṭhisaṅghāṭassa viniveṭhanan ti diṭṭhiyeva abbocchinnappavattito saṅghaṭitaṭṭhena saṅghāṭo , tassa diṭṭhisaṅghāṭassa nivattanaṃ .
Mānadhajassa pātanan ti ussitaṭṭhena unnatilakkhaṇassa mānaddhajassa pātanaṃ .
Abhisaṅkhārassa vūpasaman ti puññādiabhisaṅkhārassa
P0.25 upasamanaṃ .Oghassa nittharaṇan ti vaṭṭe osīdāpanassa kāmoghādioghassa
M0.23 nittharaṇaṃ nikkhamanaṃ .Bhārassa nikkhepanan ti rūpādipañcakkhandhabhārassa khipanaṃ chaḍḍanaṃ .
Saṃsāravaṭṭassa upacchedan ti khandhādipaṭipāṭisaṃsāravaṭṭassa hetunassanena ucchijjanaṃ .
Santāpassa nibbāpanan ti kilesasantāpassa nibbutiṃ .
Pariḷāhassa paṭipassaddhan ti kilesapariḷāhassa vūpasamaṃ paṭipassambhanaṃ .
Dhammadhajassa ussāpanan ti navavidhalokuttaradhammassa ussāpetvā ṭhapanaṃ .
Paramatthaṃ amataṃ nibbānan ti uttamaṭṭhena paramatthaṃ .
Natthi etassa maraṇasaṅkhātaṃ matanti amataṃ .
Kilesavisapaṭipakkhattā agadantipi amataṃ .
Saṃsāradukkhapaṭipakkhabhūtattā nibbutanti nibbānaṃ .
Natthettha taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ vānantipi nibbānaṃ .
Mahesakkhehi sattehīti mahānubhāvehi sakkādīhi sattehi .
Pariyesitoti pariyiṭṭho .
Kahaṃ devadevoti devānaṃ atidevo kuhiṃ .
Kahaṃ narāsabhoti uttamapuriso .
24. Uddhaṃ adho tiriyañcāpi majjheti ettha uddhan ti anāgataddhā vuccati .
Adhoti atītaddhā .
Tiriyañcāpi majjheti paccuppannaddhā .
Etesu nandiñca nivesanañca , panujja viññāṇan ti etesu uddhādīsu taṇhañca diṭṭhinivesanañca abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇañca panudehi .
Panuditvā ca bhave na tiṭṭheti evaṃ sante duvidhepi bhave na tiṭṭheyya .
Evaṃ tāva panujjasaddassa panudehīti imasmiṃ atthavikappe sambandho .
Panuditvāti etasmiṃ pana atthavikappe bhave na tiṭṭheti ayameva sambandho .
Etāni nandīnivesanaviññāṇāni panuditvā duvidhepi bhave na tiṭṭheyyāti .
Sahokāsavasena devaloko uddhaṃ .
Apāyaloko adho .
Manussaloko majjhe .
Tattha kusalā dhammāti apāyaṃ muñcitvā upari paṭisandhidānato kusalā dhammā uddhan ti vuccanti .
Akusalā
V0.22 dhammā apāyesu paṭisandhidānato adhoti .Tadubhayavimuttattā abyākatā dhammā tiriyañcāpi majjheti vuccanti .
Sabboparivasena arūpadhātu uddhaṃ .
Sabbaadhovasena kāmadhātu adho .
Tadubhayantaravasena rūpadhātu majjhe .
Kāyacittābādhakhananavasena sukhā vedanā uddhaṃ
P0.26 .Dukkhamanavasena dukkhā vedanā adho .
Adukkhamasukhā vedanā majjhe .
Attabhāvavasena paricchedaṃ dassento ‘‘ uddhanti uddhaṃ pādatalā ’’ tiādimāha .
Tattha uddhaṃ pādatalāti pādatalato upari .
Adho kesamatthakāti kesamatthakato adho .
Majjheti dvinnaṃ antaraṃ .
Puññābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ
M0.24 viññāṇan ti terasavidhapuññābhisaṅkhārasampayuttaṃ kammaviññāṇaṃ .Apuññābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ viññāṇan ti dvādasavidhaapuññābhisaṅkhārasampayuttaṃ kammaviññāṇaṃ .
Āneñjābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ viññāṇan ti catubbidhaṃ āneñjābhisaṅkhārasahagataṃ kammaviññāṇaṃ .
Nujjāti khipa .
Panujjāti atīva khipa .
Nudāti luñca .
Panudāti atīva luñca .
Pajahāti chaḍḍehi .
Vinodehīti dūraṃ karohi .
Kammabhavañcāti puññābhisaṅkhāracetanāva .
Paṭisandhikañca punabbhavan ti paṭisandhiyā rūpādipunabbhavañca .
Pajahanto paṭhamamaggena , vinodento dutiyamaggena , byantī karonto tatiyamaggena , anabhāvaṃ gamento catutthamaggena .
Kammabhave na tiṭṭheyyāti puññādiabhisaṅkhāre na tiṭṭheyya .
25. Etāni vinodetvā bhave atiṭṭhanto eso – evaṃ vihārīti gāthā .
Tattha idhevāti imasmiṃyeva sāsane , imasmiṃyeva vā attabhāve .
Imissā gāthāya niddeso uttānatthova .
26. Sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkan ti ettha anūpadhīkan ti nibbānaṃ , taṃ sandhāya bhagavantaṃ ālapanto āha –
‘‘ sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkan ’’ ti .
Niddese kilesā cāti upatāpanaṭṭhena rāgādayo kilesā ca rāsaṭṭhena vipākabhūtā pañcakkhandhā ca kusalādiabhisaṅkhārā cetanā ca ‘‘ upadhī ’’ ti vuccanti kathīyanti .
Upadhippahānaṃ tadaṅgappahānena , upadhivūpasamaṃ vikkhambhanappahānena , upadhipaṭinissaggaṃ samucchedappahānena upadhipaṭipassaddhaṃ phalenāti .
27. Na kevalaṃ dukkhameva pahāsi – te cāpīti gāthā .
Tattha aṭṭhitan ti sakkaccaṃ , sadā
V0.23 vā .Taṃ taṃ namassāmīti tasmā
P0.27 taṃ namassāmi .Sameccāti upagantvā .
Nāgāti bhagavantaṃ ālapanto āha .
Niddese sameccāti jānitvā , ekato hutvā vā .
Abhisameccāti paṭivijjhitvā .
Samāgantvāti sammukhā hutvā .
Abhisamāgantvāti samīpaṃ gantvā .
Sammukhāti sammukhe .
Āguṃ na karotīti pāpaṃ na karoti .
28. Idāni naṃ bhagavā ‘‘ addhā hi bhagavā pahāsi dukkhan ’’ ti evaṃ tena brāhmaṇena viditopi attānaṃ anupanetvāva pahīnadukkhena puggalena ovadanto
M0.25 ‘‘ yaṃ brāhmaṇan ’’ ti gāthamāha .Tassattho – yaṃ taṃ abhijānanto ‘‘ ayaṃ bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇo , vedehi gatattā vedagū , kiñcanābhāvā akiñcano , kāmesu ca bhavesu ca asattattā kāmabhave asatto ’’ ti jaññā jāneyyāsi .
Addhā hi so oghamimaṃ atāri , tiṇṇo ca pāraṃ akhilo akaṅkho .
Niddese rāgakiñcanan ti rāgapalibodhaṃ .
Dosakiñcanan tiādipi eseva nayo .
Kāmoghaṃ tiṇṇo anāgāmimaggena .
Bhavoghaṃ tiṇṇo arahattamaggena .
Diṭṭhoghaṃ tiṇṇo sotāpattimaggena .
Avijjoghaṃ tiṇṇo arahattamaggena .
Saṃsārapathaṃ tiṇṇo kusalākusalakammappabhedenāti .
Uttiṇṇo paṭhamamaggena .
Nittiṇṇo dutiyamaggena .
Atikkanto tatiyamaggena .
Samatikkanto catutthamaggena .
Vītivatto phalena .
29. Kiñca bhiyyo – vidvā ca yoti gāthā .
Tattha idhāti imasmiṃ sāsane , attabhāve vā .
Visajjāti vosajjitvā .
Niddese sajjan ti muñcanaṃ .
Visajjan ti vosajjanaṃ .
Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭameva .
Evaṃ bhagavā idampi suttaṃ arahattanikūṭeneva desesi .
Desanāpariyosāne ca vuttasadiso eva dhammābhisamayo ahosīti .
Saddhammappajjotikāya cūḷaniddesa-aṭṭhakathāya
Mettagūmāṇavasuttaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .