4. Mettāsahagatasuttavaṇṇanā
235. Catutthe
V3.206 mettāsahagatena cetasātiādi sabbaṃ sabbākārena visuddhimagge ( visuddhi .1.240-241) vitthāritameva .Mayampi kho , āvuso , sāvakānaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemāti idampi te purimanayeneva satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā vadanti .
Kiṃ gatikā hotīti kiṃ nipphatti hoti .
Kiṃ paramāti kiṃ uttamā .
Kiṃ phalāti kiṃ ānisaṃsā .
Kiṃ pariyosānāti kiṃ niṭṭhā .
Mettāsahagatan ti mettāya sahagataṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayuttaṃ .
Eseva nayo sabbattha .
Vivekanissitā dīni vuttatthāneva .
Appaṭikūlan ti duvidhaṃ appaṭikūlaṃ – sattaappaṭikūlañca , saṅkhāraappaṭikūlañca .
Tasmiṃ appaṭikūle iṭṭhe vatthusminti attho .
Paṭikūlasaññīti aniṭṭhasaññī .
Kathaṃ panettha evaṃ viharati ?
Asubhapharaṇaṃ vā aniccanti manasikāraṃ vā karonto .
Vuttañhetaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ ‘‘ kathaṃ appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī viharati .
Iṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ asubhāya vā pharati , aniccato vā upasaṃharatī ’’ ti .
Paṭikūle pana aniṭṭhe vatthusmiṃ mettāpharaṇaṃ vā dhātumanasikāraṃ vā karonto appaṭikūlasaññī viharati nāma .
Yathāha ‘‘ kathaṃ paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī viharati .
Aniṭṭhasmiṃ
P3.172 vatthusmiṃ mettāya vā pharati , dhātuto vā upasaṃharatī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .2.17).Ubhayamissakapadesupi eseva nayo .
Appaṭikūlappaṭikūlesu hi tadeva asubhapharaṇaṃ vā aniccanti manasikāraṃ
M3.208 vā karonto paṭikūlasaññī viharati nāma .Paṭikūlāpaṭikūlesu ca tadeva mettāpharaṇaṃ vā dhātumanasikāraṃ vā karonto appaṭikūlasaññī viharati nāma .
‘‘ Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hotī ’’ tiādinā ( paṭi . ma .2.17) nayena vuttaṃ pana chaḷaṅgupekkhaṃ pavattayamāno ‘‘ appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako tattha viharati sato sampajāno ’’ ti veditabbo .
Ettāvatā ca imassa bhikkhuno mettāya tikacatukkajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā tadeva pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pattassa saha vipassanāya maggasambojjhaṅgānaṃ ariyiddhiyā ca dassitattā desanā vinivaṭṭetabbā siyā .
Idaṃ pana mettājhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasantopi yo arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na sakkoti , yasmā tassa arahattaparamā mettā na hoti .
Yaṃparamā pana hoti , taṃ dassetabbaṃ .
Tasmā tassa dassanatthaṃ ayaṃ desanā āraddhā .
Subhaparaman ti subhaniṭṭhaṃ , subhakoṭikaṃ , subhanipphattiṃ .
Idhapaññassāti idheva paññā assa , nayimaṃ lokaṃ atikkamatīti idhapañño , tassa idhapaññassa , lokiyapaññassāti attho .
Uttarivimuttiṃ appaṭivijjhatoti lokuttaradhammaṃ appaṭivijjhantassa .
Yo pana paṭivijjhituṃ sakkoti , tassa arahattaparamāva mettā hotīti attho .
Karuṇā dīsupi eseva nayo .
Kasmā panetāsaṃ mettādīnaṃ subhaparamāditā vuttā bhagavatāti ?
Sabhāgavasena tassa tassa upanissayattā .
Parato
V3.207 sabbaso vā pana rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamātiādīsupi iminā nayena puna desanārambhapayojanaṃ veditabbaṃ .Karuṇāvihārissa uṇhābhighātādirūpanimittaṃ sattadukkhaṃ samanupassantassa karuṇāya pavattisambhavato rūpe ādīnavo parividito hoti
M3.209 , athassa parividitarūpādīnavattā pathavīkasiṇādīsu aññataraṃ ugghāṭetvā rūpanissaraṇe ākāse cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati .Muditāvihārissa pana tena tena pāmojjakāraṇena uppannapāmojjasattānaṃ viññāṇaṃ samanupassantassa muditāya pavattisambhavato viññāṇaggahaṇaparicitaṃ hoti , athassa anukkamādhigataṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ atikkamma ākāsanimittagocare viññāṇe cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati .
Iti muditā viññāṇañcāyatanassa upanissayo hoti , na tato paraṃ , tasmā viññāṇañcāyatanaparamāti vuttā .
Upekkhāvihārissa pana ‘‘ sattā sukhitā vā hontu , dukkhato vā vimuccantu , sampattasukhato vā mā vigacchantū ’’ ti ābhogābhāvato sukhadukkhādiparamatthagāhavimukhasambhavato avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhacittaṃ
V3.208 hoti .
Athassa paramatthagāhato vimukhabhāvaparicitacittassa paramatthato avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhacittassa ca anukkamādhigataṃ viññāṇāñcāyatanaṃ samatikkammasambhavato avijjamāne paramatthabhūtassa viññāṇassaP3.174 abhāve cittaṃ upasaṃharato appakasireneva tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati .Iti upekkhā ākiñcaññāyatanassa upanissayo hoti , na tato paraṃ , tasmā ākiñcaññāyatanaparamāti vuttā .
Desanāpariyosāne pañcasatā bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattāti .