4. Kumārapañhavaṇṇanā

Aṭṭhuppatti

IdāniV0.59 ekaṃ nāma kin ti evamādīnaṃ kumārapañhānaṃ atthavaṇṇanākkamo anuppatto .

Tesaṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ idha nikkhepappayojanañca vatvā vaṇṇanaṃ karissāma –

Aṭṭhuppatti tāva nesaṃ sopāko nāma bhagavato mahāsāvako ahosi .

Tenāyasmatā jātiyā sattavasseneva aññā ārādhitā , tassa bhagavā pañhabyākaraṇena upasampadaṃ anuññātukāmo attanā adhippetatthānaṃ pañhānaṃ byākaraṇasamatthataṃP0.76 passanto ‘‘ ekaṃ nāma kin ’’ ti evamādinā pañhe pucchi .

So byākāsi .

Tena ca byākaraṇena bhagavato cittaṃ ārādhesi .

Sāva tassāyasmato upasampadā ahosi .

Ayaṃ tesaṃ aṭṭhuppatti .

Nikkhepappayojanaṃ

Yasmā pana saraṇagamanehi buddhadhammasaṅghānussativasena cittabhāvanā , sikkhāpadehi sīlabhāvanā , dvattiṃsākārena ca kāyabhāvanā pakāsitā , tasmā idāni nānappakārato paññābhāvanāmukhadassanatthaṃ ime pañhabyākaraṇā idha nikkhittā .

Yasmā vā sīlapadaṭṭhāno samādhi , samādhipadaṭṭhānā ca paññā ;

yathāha –

‘‘ sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño , cittaṃM0.63 paññañca bhāvayan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .1.23,192), tasmā sikkhāpadehi sīlaṃ dvattiṃsākārena taṃgocaraṃ samādhiñca dassetvā samāhitacittassa nānādhammaparikkhārāya paññāya pabhedadassanatthaṃ idha nikkhittātipi viññātabbā .

Idaṃ tesaṃ idha nikkhepappayojanaṃ .

Pañhavaṇṇanā

Ekaṃ nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

IdāniV0.60 tesaṃ atthavaṇṇanā hoti – ekaṃ nāma kin ti bhagavā yasmiṃ ekadhammasmiṃ bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantakaro hoti , yasmiṃ cāyamāyasmā nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantamakāsi , taṃ dhammaṃ sandhāya pañhaṃ pucchati .

‘‘ Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā ’’ ti thero puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya vissajjeti .

‘‘ Katamā ca , bhikkhave , sammāsati ?

Idha , bhikkhave , bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharatī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.8) evamādīni cettha suttāni evaṃ vissajjanayuttisambhave sādhakāni .

Ettha yenāhārena sabbe sattā ‘‘ āhāraṭṭhitikā ’’ ti vuccanti , so āhāro taṃ vā nesaṃ āhāraṭṭhitikattaṃ ‘‘ ekaṃ nāma kin ’’ ti puṭṭhena therena niddiṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ .

Tañhi bhagavatā idha ekanti adhippetaṃ , na tu sāsane loke vā aññaṃ ekaṃ nāma natthīti ñāpetuṃ vuttaṃ .

VuttañhetaṃP0.77 bhagavatā –

‘‘ Ekadhamme , bhikkhave , bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammattaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamasmiṃ ekadhamme ?

Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā .

Imasmiṃ kho , bhikkhave , ekadhamme bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Eko pañho eko uddeso ekaṃ veyyākaraṇan ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Āhāraṭṭhitikāti cettha yathā ‘‘ atthi , bhikkhave , subhanimittaṃ .

Tattha ayoniso manasikārabahulīkāro , ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāyā ’’ ti evamādīsu ( saṃ . ni .5.232) paccayo āhāroti vuccati , evaṃM0.64 paccayaṃ āhārasaddena gahetvā paccayaṭṭhitikā ‘‘ āhāraṭṭhitikā ’’ ti vuttā .

Cattāro pana āhāre sandhāya –

‘‘ āhāraṭṭhitikā ’’ ti vuccamāne ‘‘ asaññasattā devā ahetukā anāhārā aphassakā avedanakā ’’ ti vacanato ( vibha .1017)‘‘ sabbe ’’ ti vacanamayuttaṃ bhaveyya .

Tattha siyā – evampi vuccamāne ‘‘ katame dhammā sapaccayā ?

Pañcakkhandhā – rūpakkhandho … pe … viññāṇakkhandho ’’ ti ( dha . sa .1089) vacanato khandhānaṃyeva paccayaṭṭhitikattaṃ yuttaṃ , sattānantu ayuttamevetaṃ vacanaṃ bhaveyyāti .

Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .

KasmāV0.61 ?

Sattesu khandhopacārasiddhito .

Sattesu hi khandhopacāro siddho .

Kasmā ?

Khandhe upādāya paññāpetabbato .

Kathaṃ ?

Gehe gāmopacāro viya .

Seyyathāpi hi gehāni upādāya paññāpetabbattā gāmassa ekasmimpi dvīsu tīsupi vā gehesu daḍḍhesu ‘‘ gāmo daḍḍho ’’ ti evaṃ gehe gāmopacāro siddho , evameva khandhesu paccayaṭṭhena āhāraṭṭhitikesuP0.78 ‘‘ sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā ’’ ti ayaṃ upacāro siddhoti veditabbo .

Paramatthato ca khandhesu jāyamānesu jīyamānesu mīyamānesu ca ‘‘ khaṇe khaṇe tvaṃ bhikkhu jāyase ca jīyase ca mīyase cā ’’ ti vadatā bhagavatā tesu sattesu khandhopacāro siddhoti dassito evāti veditabbo .

Yato yena paccayākhyena āhārena sabbe sattā tiṭṭhanti , so āhāro taṃ vā nesaṃ āhāraṭṭhitikattaṃ ekanti veditabbaṃ .

Āhāro hi āhāraṭṭhitikattaṃ vā aniccatākāraṇato nibbidāṭṭhānaṃ hoti .

Atha tesu sabbasattasaññitesu saṅkhāresu aniccatādassanena nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantakaro hoti , paramatthavisuddhiṃ pāpuṇāti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccāti , yadā paññāya passati ;

Atha nibbindati dukkhe , esa maggo visuddhiyā ’’ ti .( dha . pa .277);

Ettha ca ‘‘ ekaṃ nāma kin ’’ ti ca ‘‘ kihā ’’ ti ca duvidho pāṭho , tattha sīhaḷānaṃ kihāti pāṭho .

Te hi ‘‘ kin ’’ ti vattabbe ‘‘ kihā ’’ ti vadanti .

Keci bhaṇanti ‘‘ ha-iti nipāto , theriyānampi ayameva pāṭho ’’ ti ubhayathāpi pana ekova attho .

Yathā ruccati , tathā paṭhitabbaṃ .

Yathā pana ‘‘ sukhena phuṭṭho atha vā dukhena ( dha . pa .83), dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī ’’ ti evamādīsuM0.65 katthaci dukhanti ca katthaci dukkhanti ca vuccati , evaṃ katthaci ekanti , katthaci ekkanti vuccati .

Idha pana ekaṃ nāmāti ayameva pāṭho .

Dve nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ iminā pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā purimanayeneva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati dve nāma kin ti ?

Thero dveti paccanubhāsitvā ‘‘ nāmañca rūpañcā ’’ ti dhammādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya vissajjeti .

Tattha ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ namanato , cittassa ca natihetuto sabbampiP0.79 arūpaṃ ‘‘ nāman ’’ ti vuccati .

Idha pana nibbidāhetuttā sāsavadhammameva adhippetaṃ ruppanaṭṭhena cattāro ca mahābhūtā , sabbañca tadupādāya pavattamānaṃ rūpaṃ ‘‘ rūpan ’’ ti vuccati , taṃ sabbampi idhādhippetaṃ .

Adhippāyavaseneva cettha ‘‘ dve nāma nāmañca rūpañcā ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na aññesaṃ dvinnamabhāvato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ DvīsuV0.62 , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu dvīsu ?

Nāme ca rūpe ca .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , dvīsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Dve pañhā , dve uddesā , dve veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Ettha ca nāmarūpamattadassanena attadiṭṭhiṃ pahāya anattānupassanāmukheneva nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantakaro hoti , paramatthavisuddhiṃ pāpuṇātīti veditabbo .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Sabbe dhammā anattāti , yadā paññāya passati ;

Atha nibbindati dukkhe , esa maggo visuddhiyā ’’ ti .( dha . pa .279);

Tīṇi nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Idāni imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā purimanayeneva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati tīṇi nāma kin ti ?

Thero tīṇīti paccanubhāsitvā puna byākaritabbassa atthassa liṅgānurūpaṃ saṅkhyaṃ dassento ‘‘ tisso vedanā ’’ ti vissajjeti .

Atha vā ‘‘ yā bhagavatā ‘ tisso vedanā ’ ti vuttā , imāsamatthamahaṃM0.66 tīṇīti paccemī ’’ ti dassento āhāti evampettha attho veditabbo .

Anekamukhā hi desanā paṭisambhidāpabhedena desanāvilāsappattānaṃ .

Keci panāhu ‘‘ tīṇīti adhikapadamidan ’’ ti .

Purimanayeneva cettha ‘‘ tisso vedanā ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na aññesaṃ tiṇṇamabhāvato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Tīsu , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu tīsu ?

Tīsu vedanāsu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , tīsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Tayo pañhā , tayo uddesā , tīṇi veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃP0.80 , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Ettha ca ‘‘ yaṃkiñci vedayitaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .4.259) vuttasuttānusārena vā .

–

‘‘ YoV0.63 sukhaṃ dukkhato adda , dukkhamaddakkhi sallato ;

Adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ , addakkhi naṃ aniccato ’’ ti .( itivu .53)–

Evaṃ dukkhadukkhatāvipariṇāmadukkhatāsaṅkhāradukkhatānusārena vā tissannaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhabhāvadassanena sukhasaññaṃ pahāya dukkhānupassanāmukhena nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantakaro hoti , paramatthavisuddhiṃ pāpuṇātīti veditabbo .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhāti , yadā paññāya passati ;

Atha nibbindati dukkhe , esa maggo visuddhiyā ’’ ti .( dha . pa .278);

Cattāri nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā purimanayeneva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati cattāri nāma kin ti ?

Tattha imassa pañhassa byākaraṇapakkhe katthaci purimanayeneva cattāro āhārā adhippetā .

Yathāha –

‘‘ CatūsuM0.67 , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu catūsu ?

Catūsu āhāresu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , catūsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Katthaci yesu subhāvitacitto anupubbena dukkhassantakaro hoti , tāni cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni .

Yathāha kajaṅgalā bhikkhunī –

‘‘ Catūsu , āvuso , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto sammā pariyantadassāvī sammattaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaroP0.81 hoti .

Katamesu catūsu ?

Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu .

Imesu kho , āvuso , catūsu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Cattāro pañhā cattāro uddesā cattāri veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.28).

IdhaV0.64 pana yesaṃ catunnaṃ anubodhappaṭivedhato bhavataṇhāchedo hoti , yasmā tāni cattāri ariyasaccāni adhippetāni .

Yasmā vā iminā pariyāyena byākataṃ subyākatameva hoti , tasmā thero cattārīti paccanubhāsitvā ‘‘ ariyasaccānī ’’ ti vissajjeti .

Tattha cattārīti gaṇanaparicchedo .

Ariyasaccānīti ariyāni saccāni , avitathāni avisaṃvādakānīti attho .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Imāni kho , bhikkhave , cattāri ariyasaccāni tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni , tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1097).

Yasmā vā sadevakena lokena araṇīyato abhigamanīyatoti vuttaṃ hoti , vāyamitabbaṭṭhānasaññite aye vā iriyanato , anaye vā na iriyanato , sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyaariyadhammasamāyogato vā ariyasammatā buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakā etāni paṭivijjhanti , tasmāpi ‘‘ ariyasaccānī ’’ ti vuccanti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ CattārimāniM0.68 , bhikkhave , ariyasaccāni … pe … imāni kho , bhikkhave , cattāri ariyasaccāni , ariyā imāni paṭivijjhanti , tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī ’’ ti .

Apica ariyassa bhagavato saccānītipi ariyasaccāni .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Sadevake , bhikkhave … pe … sadevamanussāya tathāgato ariyo , tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1098).

Atha vā etesaṃ abhisambuddhattā ariyabhāvasiddhitopi ariyasaccāni .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Imesaṃ kho , bhikkhave , catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddhoti vuccatī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1093).

Ayametesaṃ padattho .

Etesaṃ pana ariyasaccānaṃ anubodhappaṭivedhato bhavataṇhāchedoP0.82 hoti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ TayidaṃV0.65 , bhikkhave , dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ … pe … dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ , ucchinnā bhavataṇhā , khīṇā bhavanetti , natthi dāni punabbhavo ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.1091).

Pañca nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā purimanayeneva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati pañca nāma kin ti ?

Thero pañcāti paccanubhāsitvā ‘‘ upādānakkhandhā ’’ ti vissajjeti .

Tattha pañcāti gaṇanaparicchedo .

Upādānajanitā upādānajanakā vā khandhā upādānakkhandhā .

Yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ , vedanā , saññā , saṅkhārā , viññāṇañca sāsavā upādāniyā , etesametaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Pubbanayeneva cettha ‘‘ pañcupādānakkhandhā ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na aññesaṃ pañcannamabhāvato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Pañcasu , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu pañcasu ?

Pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , pañcasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Pañca pañhā , pañca uddesāM0.69 , pañca veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Ettha ca pañcakkhandhe udayabbayavasena sammasanto vipassanāmataṃ laddhā anupubbena nibbānāmataṃ sacchikaroti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Yato yato sammasati , khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ ;

Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ , amataṃ taṃ vijānatan ’’ ti .( dha . pa .374);

Cha nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā purimanayeneva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati ‘‘ cha nāma kin ’’ ti ?

Thero cha iti paccanubhāsitvā ‘ ajjhattikāni āyatanānī ’ ti vissajjeti .

Tattha cha iti gaṇanaparicchedo , ajjhatte niyuttāni , attānaṃ vā adhikatvā pavattāni ajjhattikāni .

Āyatanato , āyassa vā tananato , āyatassa vā saṃsāradukkhassaP0.83 nayanato āyatanāni , cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyamanānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Pubbanayena cettha ‘‘ cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na aññesaṃ channamabhāvato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ ChasuV0.66 , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu chasu ?

Chasu ajjhattikesu āyatanesu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , chasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Cha pañhā cha uddesā cha veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Ettha ca cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni ,‘‘ suñño gāmoti kho , bhikkhave , channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .4.238) vacanato suññato pubbuḷakamarīcikādīni viya aciraṭṭhitikato tucchato vañcanato ca samanupassaṃ nibbindamāno anupubbena dukkhassantaṃ katvā maccurājassa adassanaṃ upeti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ YathāM0.70 pubbuḷakaṃ passe , yathā passe marīcikaṃ ;

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ , maccurājā na passatī ’’ ti .( dha . pa .170);

Satta nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati satta nāma kin ti ?

Thero kiñcāpi mahāpañhabyākaraṇe satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo vuttā , apica kho pana yesu dhammesu subhāvitacitto bhikkhu dukkhassantakaro hoti , te dassento ‘‘ satta bojjhaṅgā ’’ ti vissajjeti .

Ayampi cattho bhagavatā anumato eva .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Paṇḍitā gahapatayo kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī , mahāpaññā gahapatayo kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī , mañcepi tumhe gahapatayo upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha , ahampi cetaṃ evameva byākareyyaṃ , yathā taṃ kajaṅgalikāyaP0.84 bhikkhuniyā byākatan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.28).

Tāya ca evaṃ byākataṃ –

‘‘ Sattasu , āvuso , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu sattasu ?

Sattasu bojjhaṅgesu .

Imesu kho , āvuso , sattasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Satta pañhāV0.67 satta uddesā satta veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.28).

Evamayamattho bhagavatā anumato evāti veditabbo .

Tattha sattāti ūnādhikanivāraṇagaṇanaparicchedo .

Bojjhaṅgāti satiādīnaṃ dhammānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Tatrāyaṃ padattho – etāya lokiyalokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādi- anekupaddavappaṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītippassaddhisamādhupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā bodhi , kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahati , cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati , nibbānameva vā sacchikarotīti vuttaṃ hoti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ satta bojjhaṅge bhāvetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃM0.71 abhisambuddho ’’ ti .

Yathāvuttappakārāya vā etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvakopi bodhi .

Iti tassā dhammasāmaggisaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgabhūtattā bojjhaṅgā jhānaṅgamaggaṅgāni viya , tassa vā bodhīti laddhavohārassa ariyasāvakassa aṅgabhūtattāpi bojjhaṅgā senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya .

Apica ‘‘ bojjhaṅgāti kenaṭṭhena bojjhaṅgā ?

Bodhāya saṃvattantīti bojjhaṅgā , bujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā , anubujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā , paṭibujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā , sambujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .2.17) imināpi paṭisambhidāyaṃ vuttena vidhinā bojjhaṅgānaṃ bojjhaṅgaṭṭho veditabbo .

Evamime satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento bahulīkaronto na cirasseva ekantanibbidādiguṇapaṭilābhī hoti , tena diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hotīti vuccatiP0.85 .

Vuttañcetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘ Sattime , bhikkhave , bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.201).

Aṭṭha nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati aṭṭha nāma kin ti ?

Thero kiñcāpi mahāpañhabyākaraṇe aṭṭha lokadhammā vuttā , apica kho pana yesu dhammesuV0.68 subhāvitacitto bhikkhu dukkhassantakaro hoti , te dassento ‘‘ ariyāni aṭṭha maggaṅgānī ’’ ti avatvā yasmā aṭṭhaṅgavinimutto maggo nāma natthi , aṭṭhaṅgamattameva tu maggo , tasmā tamatthaṃ sādhento desanāvilāsena ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggoti vissajjeti .

Bhagavatāpi cāyamattho desanānayo ca anumato eva .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Paṇḍitā gahapatayo kajaṅgalikā bhikkhunī … pe … ahampi evameva byākareyyaṃ , yathā taṃ kajaṅgalikāya bhikkhuniyā byākatan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.28).

TāyaM0.72 ca evaṃ byākataṃ –

‘‘ Aṭṭhasu , āvuso , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā subhāvitacitto … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Aṭṭha pañhā , aṭṭha uddesā , aṭṭha veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.28).

Evamayaṃ attho ca desanānayo ca bhagavatā anumato evāti veditabbo .

Tattha ariyoti nibbānatthikehi abhigantabbo , apica ārakā kilesehi vattanato , ariyabhāvakaraṇato , ariyaphalapaṭilābhato cāpi ariyoti veditabbo .

Aṭṭha aṅgāni assāti aṭṭhaṅgiko .

Svāyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā , pañcaṅgikaṃ viya ca tūriyaṃ aṅgavinibbhogena anupalabbhasabhāvato aṅgamattamevāti veditabbo .

Maggati iminā nibbānaṃ , sayaṃ vā maggati , kilese mārento vā gacchatīti maggo .

Evamaṭṭhappabhedañcimaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento bhikkhuP0.86 avijjaṃ bhindati , vijjaṃ uppādeti , nibbānaṃ sacchikaroti , tena diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hotīti vuccati .

Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘ Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave , sālisūkaṃ vā yavasūkaṃ vā sammā paṇihitaṃ hatthena vā pādena vā akkantaṃ hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā bhecchati , lohitaṃ vā uppādessatīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati .

Taṃ kissa hetu ?

Sammā paṇihitattā , bhikkhave , sūkassa , evameva kho , bhikkhaveV0.69 , so vata bhikkhu sammā paṇihitāya diṭṭhiyā sammā paṇihitāya maggabhāvanāya avijjaṃ bhecchati , vijjaṃ uppādessati , nibbānaṃ sacchikarissatīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī ’’ ti ( a . ni .1.42).

Nava nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati nava nāma kin ti ?

Thero nava iti paccanubhāsitvā ‘‘ sattāvāsā ’’ ti vissajjeti .

Tattha navāti gaṇanaparicchedo .

Sattāti jīvitindriyappaṭibaddhe khandheM0.73 upādāya paññattā pāṇino paṇṇatti vā .

Āvāsāti āvasanti etesūti āvāsā , sattānaṃ āvāsā sattāvāsā .

Esa desanāmaggo , atthato pana navavidhānaṃ sattānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Santāvuso , sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino , seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā , ayaṃ paṭhamo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino , seyyathāpi , devā brahmakāyikā , paṭhamābhinibbattā , ayaṃ dutiyo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino , seyyathāpi , devā ābhassarā , ayaṃ tatiyo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino , seyyathāpi , devā subhakiṇhā , ayaṃ catuttho sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā asaññino appaṭisaṃvedino , seyyathāpi , devā asaññasattā , ayaṃ pañcamo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ … pe … ākāsānañcāyatanūpagāP0.87 , ayaṃ chaṭṭho sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā … pe … viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā , ayaṃ sattamo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā … pe … ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā , ayaṃ aṭṭhamo sattāvāso .

Santāvuso , sattā … pe … nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā , ayaṃ navamo sattāvāso ’’ ti ( dī . ni .3.341).

Purimanayeneva cettha ‘‘ nava sattāvāsā ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na aññesaṃ navannamabhāvato .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Navasu , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu navasu ?

Navasu sattāvāsesu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , navasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Nava pañhāV0.70 , nava uddesā , nava veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

EtthaM0.74 ca ‘‘ nava dhammā pariññeyyā .

Katame nava ?

Nava sattāvāsā ’’ ti ( dī . ni .3.359) vacanato navasu sattāvāsesu ñātapariññāya dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvadassanaṃ pahāya suddhasaṅkhārapuñjamattadassanena nibbindamāno tīraṇapariññāya aniccānupassanena virajjamāno dukkhānupassanena vimuccamāno anattānupassanena sammā pariyantadassāvī pahānapariññāya sammattamabhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ –

‘‘ Navasu , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu navasu ?

Navasu sattāvāsesū ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Dasa nāma kintipañhavaṇṇanā

Evaṃ imināpi pañhabyākaraṇena āraddhacitto satthā uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchati dasa nāma kin ti ?

Tattha kiñcāpi imassa pañhassa ito aññatra veyyākaraṇesu dasa akusalakammapathā vuttā .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Dasasu , bhikkhave , dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

Katamesu dasasu ?

Dasasu akusalakammapathesu .

Imesu kho , bhikkhave , dasasu dhammesu bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno … pe .

P0.88 … dukkhassantakaro hoti .

‘ Dasa pañhā dasa uddesā dasa veyyākaraṇānī ’ ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ , idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.27).

Idha pana yasmā ayamāyasmā attānaṃ anupanetvā aññaṃ byākātukāmo , yasmā vā iminā pariyāyena byākataṃ subyākatameva hoti , tasmā yehi dasahi aṅgehi samannāgato arahāti pavuccati , tesaṃ adhigamaṃ dīpento dasahaṅgehi samannāgato arahāti pavuccatīti puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya vissajjeti .

Yato ettha yehi dasahi aṅgehi samannāgato arahāti pavuccati , tāni dasaṅgāni ‘‘ dasa nāma kin ’’ ti puṭṭhena therena niddiṭṭhānīti veditabbāni .

Tāni ca dasa –

‘‘ AsekhoV0.71 asekhoti , bhante , vuccati , kittāvatā nu kho , bhante , bhikkhu asekho hotīti ?

Idha , bhikkhave , bhikkhu asekhāyaM0.75 sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammāsaṅkappena samannāgato hoti , asekhāya sammāvācāya samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammākammantena samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammāājīvena samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammāvāyāmena samannāgato hoti , asekhāya sammāsatiyā samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammāsamādhinā samannāgato hoti , asekhena sammāñāṇena samannāgato hoti , asekhāya sammāvimuttiyā samannāgato hoti .

Evaṃ kho , bhikkhave , bhikkhu asekho hotī ’’ ti ( a . ni .10.111).

–

Evamādīsu suttesu vuttanayeneva veditabbānīti .

Paramatthajotikāya khuddakapāṭha-aṭṭhakathāya

Kumārapañhavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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