Kathinānujānanakathāvaṇṇanā
306.‘‘ Kathinan ti
M0.488V0.445 pañcānisaṃse antokaraṇasamatthatāya thiranti attho ’’ ti likhitaṃ .‘‘ Pañca kappantī ’’ ti avatvā ‘‘ kappissantī ’’ ti anāgatavacanaṃ ‘‘ vo ’’ ti imassa sāmivacanapakkhe yujjati tesaṃ tasmiṃ khaṇe anatthatakathinattā .
Dvīsu panetesu atthavikappesu pacchimo yutto sabbesampi tesaṃ pāveyyakānaṃ sabbadhutaṅgadharattā .
Nimantanaṃ sādiyantasseva hi anāmantacāro paññatto , tathā gaṇabhojanaṃ .
Asamādānacāro anadhiṭṭhitaticīvarassa natthi atecīvarikassa yāvadatthacīvaracatutthādicīvaraggahaṇasambhavato .
Itarassāpi anadhiṭṭhānamukhena labbhati .
Cīvaruppādo apaṃsukūlikasseva .
‘‘ Kathinatthatasīmāyan ’’ ti upacārasīmaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ .
Upacārasīmaṭṭhassa matakacīvarādibhāgiyatāya baddhasīmāya tatruppādābhāvato viññeyyametaṃ upacārasīmāvettha adhippetāti .
Kathinatthāraṃ ke labhantīti ke sādhentīti attho .
Pañca janā sādhenti .
Kathinadussassa hi dāyakā pacchimakoṭiyā cattāro honti .
Eko paṭiggāhakoti .
‘‘ Tatra ce , bhikkhave , yvāyaṃ catuvaggo bhikkhusaṅgho ṭhapetvā tīṇi kammāni upasampadaṃ pavāraṇaṃ abbhānan ’’ ti ( mahāva .388) campeyyakkhandhake vuttattā ‘‘ na pañcavaggakaraṇīyan ’’ ti gahetabbaṃ .
‘‘ Yassa saṅgho kathinadussaṃ deti , taṃ hatthapāse akatvāpi bahisīmāya ṭhitassapi dātuṃ vaṭṭatī ’’ ti vadanti , taṃ hatthapāse katvā eva dātabbaṃ .
Kasmā ?
‘‘ Tassa kammappattattā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
‘‘ Tatruppādena taṇḍulādinā vatthesu cetāpitesu atthatakathinānameva tāni vatthāni pāpuṇanti .
Vatthehi pana taṇḍulādīsu cetāpitesu sabbesaṃ tāni pāpuṇantī ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Paṭhamapavāraṇāya pavāritā labhantīti idaṃ ukkaṭṭhakoṭiyā vuttaṃ .
Antarāyena appavāritānampi vutthavassānaṃ kathinatthārasambhavato itare gaṇapūrake katvā kathinaṃ attharitabbanti kathaṃ paññāyatīti ce ?
‘‘ Dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ atthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ atthārakassa ca anumodakassa cā ’’ ti ( pari .403)
V0.446 parivāre ekavacanakaraṇato , tattheva ‘‘ saṅghassa atthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ , gaṇassa puggalassa atthataṃ hoti kathinan ’’ ti ( pari .414) vacanato ca .Aññasmiṃ
M0.489 vihāre vutthavassāpi na labhantīti idaṃ kiṃ ekasīmasmiṃ , udāhu nānāsīmasminti ?Kiñcettha – yadi tāva ekasīmasmiṃ , parato ‘‘ sace pana ekasīmāya bahū vihārā honti , sabbe bhikkhū sannipātetvā ekattha kathinaṃ attharitabbaṃ , visuṃ visuṃ attharituṃ na vaṭṭatī ’’ ti iminā aṭṭhakathā vacanena virujjhati .
Idañhi vacanaṃ sabbesaṃyeva eko kathinatthāroti dīpeti .
Atha nānāsīmasmiṃ , upanandassa ekādhippāyadānānumatiyā virujjhati .
Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘ detha , bhikkhave , moghapurisassa ekādhippāyan ’’ ti ( mahāva .364).
Idañhi vacanaṃ dvīsupi āvāsesu tassa kathinatthārasiddhiṃ dīpetīti .
Avirodhova icchitabbo appaṭisiddhattā , tasmā ekasīmasmiṃ vā nānāsīmasmiṃ vā nānūpacāre aññasmiṃ vihāre vutthavassāpi na labhantīti adhippāyo veditabbo .
‘‘ Pacchimikāya upasampanno paṭhamapavāraṇāya pavāretumpi labhati , vassiko ca hoti ānisaṃsañca labhatīti sāmaṇerānaṃ vassūpagamanaṃ anuññātaṃ hoti , sāmaṇerā kathinānisaṃsaṃ labhantī ’’ ti vadanti .
Tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññatarappahonakan ti idaṃ ‘‘ na aññatra saṅghāṭiyā uttarāsaṅgena antaravāsakena atthataṃ hoti kathinan ’’ ti imāya pāḷiyā virujjhanaṃ viya dissati .
Ayañhi pāḷi tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataravirahenāpi na atthataṃ hoti kathinanti dīpetīti ce ?
Na , tadatthajānanato , na tiṇṇaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataravirahena na atthataṃ hoti kathinanti hi dīpetukāmo bhagavā taṃ pāḷimāha .
Yadi evaṃ ‘‘ aññatra saṅghāṭiyā uttarāsaṅgena antaravāsakenā ’’ ti na vattabbā siyāti ce ?
Na , adhippāyajānanatova .
Yo saṅghāṭiyā attharitukāmo , tassa aññatra saṅghāṭiyā na atthataṃ hoti .
Esa nayo itaratthāpīti ayamettha adhippāyo .
Teneva sukkapakkhe ‘‘ saṅghāṭiyā atthataṃ hotī ’’ tiādinā nayena ekameva cīvaraṃ vuttaṃ , evaṃ sante ‘‘ catuvīsatiyā ākārehi anatthataṃ hoti kathinaṃ , sattarasahi ākārehi atthataṃ hoti kathinan ’’ ti yathārahaṃ ukkaṭṭhakoṭiyā vuttanti veditabbaṃ , tasmā kaṇhapakkhe ullikhita … pe … nissīmaṭṭhānumodanānaṃ catuvīsatiyā ākārānaṃ sambhavantānaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvenapi nimittakatādīnaṃ asambhavantānaṃ aññatarabhāvenapi na atthataṃ hoti kathinanti evamadhippāyo
M0.490 veditabbo .Sukkapakkhepi ahatāhatakappa … pe … sīmaṭṭhānumodanānaṃ sattarasannaṃ ākārānaṃ sambhavantānaṃ aññatarabhāvenapi itaresaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvenapi atthataṃ hoti kathinanti evamadhippāyo veditabbo .
Aññathā aññamaññavirodho , yathāsambhavaṃ yojetvā veditabbo .
Tatridaṃ
V0.447 mukhamattanidassanaṃ – kaṇhapakkhe ‘‘ uttarāsaṅgena atthate kathine na aññatra saṅghāṭiyā na aññatra antaravāsakena atthataṃ hoti kathinan ’’ ti vacanappamāṇato taṃ kathinaṃ anatthataṃ siyā .Sukkapakkhe ca ‘‘ animittakatena atthataṃ hoti kathinan ’’ ti vacanappamāṇato animittakatena kathine atthate tañce parikathā kataṃ , tathāpi atthatameva kathinaṃ hotīti ayaṃ duvidhopi virodho .
Yathāvuttanayena adhippāye gahite parihāro hotīti veditabbaṃ .
Yo ānisaṃsaṃ bahuṃ detīti iminā paccayalolabhāvaṃ viya dīpeti , tathāpi bhagavatā yāvadatthacīvarapariyesanapaññāpanamukhena dvāraṃ dinnanti katvā saṅghānuggahatthaṃ hoti .
‘‘ Akātuṃ na hotīti anādariyena akarontassa dukkaṭan ’’ ti likhitaṃ .
Anumodāmāti ettha sabbasaṅgāhikavasena evaṃ vuttaṃ .
‘‘ Anumodāmī ’’ ti ekakena vattabbaṃ , itarathā ‘‘ na vaṭṭatī ’’ ti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ kira vuttaṃ .
Kathinacīvaraṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā ‘‘ imāya saṅghāṭiyā kathinaṃ attharāmī ’’ ti vācāya bhinnamattāya puggalassa atthataṃ hoti .
‘‘ Kammavācā pana ekāyeva vaṭṭatīti kathinadussassa eva kammavācā , sesacīvaradāne apalokanamevāti attho ’’ ti likhitaṃ .
Ekasīmāyāti ekaupacārasīmāyāti attho yujjati .
Keci pana ‘‘ baddhasīmā adhippetā ekasīmāya ekaṭṭhāne attharite sabbattha attharitaṃ hoti ‘ sabbe bhikkhū sannipatitvā ’ ti vuttattā , tehipi anumodantehi attharitameva hoti , upacāraparicchinne tattha tattha laddhaṃ tehi tehi laddhabbaṃ hoti .
Tattha paviṭṭhehipi labhitabbaṃ sabbehipi attharitattā , ayaṃ viseso .
Mahāaṭṭhakathāya mpi evameva vuttan ’’ ti vadanti , vīmaṃsitabbaṃ .
308. Catuvīsati ākāravantatāya mahābhūmikaṃ .
‘‘ Dīghasibbitan ti pacchākatasibbanaṃ , ovaṭṭitvā sibbanaṃ vā ’’ ti likhitaṃ .
Kaṇḍusaṃ nāma pubbabandhanaṃ .
Paṭhamacimilikā ghaṭetvā ṭhapitā hotīti kathinadussaṃ dubbalaṃ disvā
M0.491 taṃ balavatā attano pakatidussena saddhiṃ ghaṭetvā dupaṭṭaṃ katvā sibbitukāmehi kathinadussato pakatidussassa mahantatāya paṭhamaṃ tappamāṇānurūpaṃ bandhakaṇḍuse ghaṭetvā rajjukehi bandhitvā kataṃ hotīti adhippāyo .Kathinacīvarassa appatāya paṭhamaṃ baddhadussaṃ kucchicimilikā hoti , mahāpaccariyaṃ , kurundiya ñca vuttavacananidassanaṃ , byañjane eva bhedo , atthe natthīti dassanatthaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ .
‘‘ Iminā kiṃ dīpetīti ce ?
Tathākataṃ dupaṭṭacīvaraṃ pakaticīvarassa mahantatāya pakaticīvarasaṅkhyameva gacchati , na kathinacīvarasaṅkhyanti kassaci siyā , nevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Evaṃ kucchicimilikabhāvena ṭhitampi kathinacīvaraṃ .
Mahantampi taṃ pakaticīvaraṃ attano kathinacīvaramevāti .
Heṭṭhimakoṭiyā pañcakassa icchitabbattā kathinadussaṃ khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ bahudhā chinditvā sibbitukāmo kathinacīvarato
V0.448 paṭṭaṃ gahetvā aññasmiṃ akathinacīvare paṭṭamāropetī ’’ ti likhitaṃ .Atha vā bahūni kathinadussāni paṃsukūlāni khuddakakhuddakāni ekacīvaratthāya , mahantāni ca ūnatthāya dinnāni honti .
Kathinacīvaratoti bhikkhu ekaccato kathinacīvarato paṭṭaṃ gahetvā aññasmiṃ āropeti .
Etthāha – kiṃ paṃsukūlāni kathinadussāni vikappanupagapacchimāni dātabbāni , udāhu khuddakānipīti ?
Ettha acīvarasaṅkhyattā khuddakāni dātuṃ na vaṭṭati .
Kammavācā tattha na ruhatīti eke .
‘‘ Paṃsukūlena atthataṃ hotī ’’ ti pāḷiyaṃ nayadānato kucchicimilikabhāvena ṭhitassa kathinadussassa attano sabhāvena anadhiṭṭhānupagassa purāṇacīvarabhāveneva adhiṭṭhānārahassapi kathinacīvarabhāvānumatimukhena aṭṭhakathāyaṃ padānato ca khuddakānipi dātuṃ vaṭṭati .
Tañhi kathinatthārako ghaṭetvā kathinacīvaraṃ karissatīti katvā kappatīti eke , yuttataraṃ gahetabbaṃ .
Nicayasannidhi saṅghāyattā saṅghena katattā .
Rattātikkantaṃ nissajjitabbattā ‘‘ nissaggiyan ’’ ti vuccati .
Pañca khaṇḍāni paṭṭāni pamāṇaṃ assāti pañcakaṃ .
Tena vā atirittena vāti attho .
Tadaheva sañchinnenāti saṅghena kathinatthārakassa kammavācaṃ vatvā dinneneva tadaheva sañchinnena samaṇḍalikatena bhavitabbaṃ .
Evaṃ dinnaṃyeva hi parivāre ‘‘ pubbakaraṇaṃ sattahi dhammehi saṅgahitan ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na dāyakena diyyamānaṃ , tasmā pariniṭṭhitapubbakaraṇameva ce
M0.492 dāyako saṅghassa deti , sampaṭicchitvā kammavācāya dātabbaṃ .Tena ca tasmiṃyeva sīmāmaṇḍale adhiṭṭhahitvā attharitvā saṅgho anumodāpetabbo katapubbakaraṇassa puna kattabbābhāvato .
Atthārakassa hatthagatameva hi sandhāya ‘‘ na ullikhitamattenā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .
Pariniṭṭhitapubbakaraṇampi puna dhovitvā visibbitvā kātabbameva vacanapamāṇatoti ce ?
Na , chinnassa puna chedāsambhavato .
Aññasmiṃ ṭhāne chinditabbamevāti ce ?
Na , pabbajjādhikāre ‘‘ kesamassuṃ ohārāpetvā ’’ ti vacanappamāṇato muṇḍikassa chinnepi kese pariyesitvā sirasmiṃ ṭhapetvā puna ohārāpetvā pabbājetabbappasaṅgato , na idha na-kārena paṭisiddhattāti ce ?
Na ,‘‘ na aññatra saṅghāṭiyā ’’ ti na-kārena paṭisiddhattā uttarāsaṅgena atthate anatthataṃ hotīti aniṭṭhappasaṅgato , tasmā abhiniveso na kātabbo .
‘‘ Bahiupacārasīmāya ṭhito ’’ ti vuttattāpi pubbe vuttavinicchayova gahetabbo .
309. Asannidhikatena atthataṃ hoti kathinan ti ettha kiṃ kathinatthāramāseyeva duvidhopi sannidhi adhippeto , udāhu tato pubbepi , dāyakena vā kadā dātabbaṃ , kiṃ kathinatthāramāseyeva , udāhu
V0.449 tato pubbepi , kathinatthāramāsepi asukasmiṃ divaseyeva atthāratthāya dammīti dātuṃ vaṭṭati na vaṭṭatīti idaṃ vicāretabbaṃ .Kathinatthāramāse eva duvidhopi sannidhi .
Dāyakenāpi vassāvāsikaṃ viya kathinacīvaraṃ uddissa dinnaṃ na vaṭṭati .
Kasmā ?
‘‘ Kathinadāyakassa vattaṃ atthī ’’ tiādinā ( mahāva . aṭṭha .306) nayena aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā .
Ukkaṭṭhamattametanti ce ?
Na ,‘‘ kathinaṃ nāma atiukkaṭṭhaṃ vaṭṭatī ’’ ti ( mahāva . aṭṭha .308) vuttattā .
Na āgamanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti ce ?
Na , idampi āgamanameva sandhāya vuttaṃ , pubbe dinnaṃ na vaṭṭatīti .
310. Kathinassāti kathinatthārassa .
Ubbhārāyāti vūpasamāya , appavattiyāti attho .
Kimatthiyaṃ ubbhāranidassananti ce ?
Pañcahi anāpattikālapariyantadassanena tesu saṃvaruppādanatthaṃ .
Aññathā ‘‘ cīvarakālasamayo nāma anatthate kathine vassānassa pacchimo māso , atthate kathine pañca māsā ’’ ti ( pārā .649) vibhaṅge vuttattā antarāpakkamanantikādiubbhārābhāvepi pañcahi pañcasu māsesu anāpattiyevāti micchāgāho siyā
M0.493 .Tato āpattikhette anāpattikhettasaññāya taṃ taṃ āpattiṃ āpajjati , itaresañca bhikkhūnaṃ lābhantarāyaṃ karotīti veditabbaṃ .