Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
402. Aññamaggapaṭikkhepanatthan ti titthiyehi parikappitassa maggassa dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadābhāvapaṭikkhepanatthaṃ , aññassa vā maggabhāvapaṭikkhepo aññamaggapaṭikkhepo , tadatthaṃ .
‘‘ Ayan ’’ ti pana attano , tesu ca bhikkhūsu ekaccānaṃ paccakkhabhāvato āsannapaccakkhavacanaṃ .
Ārakattāti niruttinayena ariyasaddasiddhimāha .
Ariyabhāvakarattāti ariyakaraṇo ariyoti uttarapadalopena , puggalassa ariyabhāvakarattā ariyaṃ karotīti vā ariyo , ariyaphalapaṭilābhakarattā vā ariyaṃ phalaṃ labhāpeti janetīti ariyo .
Purimena cettha attano kiccavasena , pacchimena phalavasena ariyanāmalābho vuttoti daṭṭhabbo .
Catusaccapaṭivedhāvahaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ
P2.433 , catusaccaṃ vā uddissa pavattaṃ bhāvanākammaṃ yogino sukhavisesānaṃ ṭhānabhūtanti catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ .Purimāni dve saccāni
M2.343 vaṭṭaṃ pavattihetubhāvato .Pacchimāni vivaṭṭaṃ nivattitadadhigamupāyabhāvato .
Vaṭṭe kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso sarūpato pariggahasabbhāvato .
Vivaṭṭe natthi avisayattā , visayatte ca payojanābhāvato .
Purimāni dve saccāni uggaṇhitvāti sambandho .
Kammaṭṭhānapāḷiyā hi tadatthasallakkhaṇena vācuggatakaraṇaṃ uggaho .
Tenāha ‘‘ vācāya punappunaṃ parivattento ’’ ti .
Iṭṭhaṃ kantan ti nirodhamaggesu ninnabhāvaṃ dasseti , na abhinandanaṃ , tanninnabhāvoyeva ca tattha kammakaraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Ekapaṭivedhenevāti ekañāṇeneva paṭivijjhanena .
Paṭivedho paṭighātābhāvena visaye nissaṅgacārasaṅkhātaṃ nibbijjhanaṃ .
Abhisamayo avirajjhitvā visayassa adhigamasaṅkhāto avabodho .
‘‘ Idaṃ dukkhaṃ , ettakaṃ dukkhaṃ , na ito bhiyyo ’’ ti paricchinditvā jānanameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti pariññāpaṭivedho , tena .
Idañca yathā tasmiṃ ñāṇe pavatte pacchā dukkhassa sarūpādiparicchede sammoho na hoti , tathā pavattiṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ , na pana maggañāṇassa ‘‘ idaṃ dukkhan ’’ tiādinā ( ma . ni .2.484;3.104) pavattanato .
Pahīnassa
V2.317 puna appahātabbatāya pakaṭṭhaṃ hānaṃ cajanaṃ samucchindanaṃ , pahānameva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti pahānapaṭivedho , tena .Ayampi yasmiṃ kilese appahīyamāne maggabhāvanāya na bhavitabbaṃ , asati ca
P2.434 maggabhāvanāya yo uppajjeyya , tassa kilesassa paṭighātaṃ karontassa anuppattidhammataṃ āpādentassa ñāṇassa tathāpavattiyaṃ paṭighātābhāvena nissaṅgacāraṃ upādāya evaṃ vutto .Sacchikiriyā paccakkhakaraṇaṃ anussavākāraparivitakkādike muñcitvā sarūpato ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ ‘‘ idaṃ tan ’’ ti yathāsabhāvato gahaṇaṃ , sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho , tena .
Ayaṃ panassa āvaraṇassa asamucchindanato ñāṇaṃ nirodhaṃ ālambituṃ na sakkoti , tassa samucchindanato taṃ sarūpato vibhāventameva pavattatīti evaṃ vutto .
Bhāvanā uppādanā , vaḍḍhanā ca .
Tattha paṭhamamagge uppādanaṭṭhena , dutiyādīsu vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena , ubhayatthāpi vā ubhayathāpi veditabbaṃ .
Paṭhamamaggepi hi yathārahaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminiyaṃ pavattaṃ parijānanādiṃ vaḍḍhento pavattoti vaḍḍhanaṭṭhena bhāvanā sakkā viññātuṃ .
Dutiyādīsupi appahīnakilesappahānato , puggalantarabhāvasādhanato ca uppādanaṭṭhena bhāvanā sakkā viññātuṃ , sā eva vuttanayena paṭivedhoti bhāvanāpaṭivedho , tena .
Ayampi
M2.344 hi yathā ñāṇe pavatte pacchā maggadhammānaṃ sarūpaparicchede sammoho na hoti , tathā pavattimeva gahetvā vutto .Tiṭṭhantu tāva yathādhigatā maggadhammā , yathāpavattesu phaladhammesupi ayaṃ yathādhigatasaccadhammesu viya vigatasammohova hoti .
Tenevāha ‘‘ diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo ’’ ti ( mahāva .18; dī . ni .1.299; ma . ni .2.69) yato sacassa dhammatāsañcoditā yathādhigatasaccadhammālambaniyo maggavīthito parato maggaphalapahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesanibbānānaṃ
P2.435 paccavekkhaṇā pavattanti , dukkhasaccammopi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo .Ayañca atthavaṇṇanā ‘‘ pariññābhisamayenā ’’ tiādīsupi vibhāvetabbā .
Ekābhisamayena abhisametīti etthāha vitaṇḍavādī ‘‘ ariyamaggañāṇaṃ catūsu saccesu nānābhisamayavasena kiccakaran ’’ ti , so abhidhamme ( kathā .274) odhisokathāya saññāpetabbo .
Idāni tameva ekābhisamayaṃ vitthāravasena vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘ evamassā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .
‘‘ Pubbabhāge … pe … paṭivedho hotī ’’ ti kasmā vuttaṃ , nanu paṭivedho pubbabhāgiyo na hotīti ?
Saccametaṃ nippariyāyato , idha pana uggahādivasena pavatto avabodho pariyāyato tathā vutto .
Paṭivedhanimittattā vā uggahādivasena pavattaṃ dukkhādīsu pubbabhāge ñāṇaṃ ‘‘ paṭivedho ’’ ti vuttaṃ , na paṭivijjhanasabhāvaṃ .
Kiccatoti pubbabhāgehi dukkhādiñāṇehi kātabbakiccassa idha nipphattito , imasseva vā ñāṇassa dukkhādippakāsanakiccato , pariññāditoti attho .
Ārammaṇapaṭivedhoti sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhamāha .
Sāti paccavekkhaṇā .
Idhāti
V2.318 imasmiṃ ṭhāne .Uggahādīsu vuccamānesu na vuttā anavasarattā .
Adhigame hi sati tassā siyā avasaro .
Taṃyeva hi anavasaraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ imassa cā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .
Pubbe pariggahatoti kammaṭṭhānapariggahato pubbe .
Uggahādivasena saccānaṃ pariggaṇhanañhi pariggaho .
Tathā tāni pariggaṇhanato manasikāradaḷhatāya pubbabhāgiyā dukkhapariññādayo honti yevāti āha ‘‘ pariggahato paṭṭhāya hotī ’’ ti .
Aparabhāgeti maggakkhaṇe .
Duddasattāti attano pavattikkhaṇavasena
P2.436 pākaṭānipi pakatiñāṇena sabhāvarasato daṭṭhuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā .Gambhīreneva ca bhāvanāñāṇena , tathāpi matthakappattena ariyamaggañāṇeneva yāthāvato passitabbattā gambhīrāni
M2.345 .Tenāha ‘‘ lakkhaṇapaṭivedhato pana ubhayampi gambhīran ’’ ti .
Itarāni asaṃkiliṭṭhaasaṃkilesikatāya accantasukhappattāya anuppattibhavatāya , anuppannapubbatāya ca pavattivasena apākaṭattā ca paramagambhīrattā , tathā paramagambhīrañāṇeneva passitabbatāya pakatiñāṇena daṭṭhuṃ na sakkuṇeyyānīti duddasāni .
Tenāha ‘‘ itaresaṃ panā ’’ tiādi .
Payogoti kiriyā , vāyāmo vā .
Tassa mahantatarassa icchitabbataṃ , dukkarataratañca upamāhi dasseti ‘‘ bhavaggaggahaṇatthan ’’ tiādinā .
Paṭivedhakkhaṇeti ariyassa maggassa catusaccasampaṭivedhakkhaṇe .
Ekameva taṃ ñāṇan ti dukkhādīsu pariññādikiccasādhanavasena ekameva taṃ maggañāṇaṃ hoti .
Imesu tīsu ṭhānesūti imesu viramitabbatāvasena jotitesu tīsu kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakkavatthūsu .
Visuṃ visuṃ uppannassa tividha akusalasaṅkappassa .
Padapacchedatoti ettha gatamaggo ‘‘ padan ’’ ti vuccati , yena ca upāyena kāraṇena kāmavitakko uppajjati , so tassa gatamaggoti tassa pacchedo ghāto padapacchedo , tato padapacchedato .
Anuppattidhammatāpādanaṃ anuppattisādhanaṃ , tassa vasena .
Maggakiccasādhanena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamāno ekova tividhakiccasādhano kusalasaṅkappo uppajjati .
Tividhākusalasaṅkappasamucchedanameva hettha tividhakiccasādhanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Iminā nayena ‘‘ imesu catūsu ṭhānesū ’’ tiādīsupi attho veditabbo .
Musāvādāveramaṇiādayoti ettha yasmā sikkhāpadavibhaṅge
P2.437 ( vibha .703) viraticetanā , sabbe sampayuttadhammā ca sikkhāpadānīti āgatānīti tattha padhānānaṃ viraticetanānaṃ vasena ‘‘ viratiyopi honti cetanāyopī ’’ ti ( vibha . aṭṭha .703) sammohavinodaniyaṃ vuttaṃ , tasmā keci ‘‘ ādi-saddena na kevalaṃ pisuṇavācā veramaṇiādīnaṃyeva saṅgaho , atha kho tādisānaṃ cetanānampiV2.319 saṅgaho ’’ ti vadanti , taṃ pubbabhāgavasena vuccamānattā yujjeyya , musāvādādīhi viramaṇakāle vā viratiyo , subhāsitādivācābhāsanādikāle ca cetanāyo yojetabbā , maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyova icchitabbā cetanānaṃ amaggaṅgattā .Ekassa ñāṇassa dukkhādiñāṇatā viya , ekāya viratiyā musāvādādiviratibhāvo viya ca ekāya cetanāya sammāvācādikiccattayasādhanasabhāvābhāvā sammāvācādibhāvāsiddhito , taṃsiddhiyaṃ aṅgattayatāsiddhito ca .
Bhikkhussa
M2.346 ājīvahetukaṃ kāyavacīduccaritaṃ nāma ayoniso āhārapariyesanahetukameva siyāti āha ‘‘ khādanīya … pe … duccaritan ’’ ti .Kāyavacīduccaritaggahaṇañca kāyavacīdvāreyeva ājīvapakopo , na manodvāreti dassanatthaṃ .
Tenāha ‘‘ imesuyeva sattasu ṭhānesū ’’ ti .
Anuppannānan ti asamudācāravasena vā ananubhūtārammaṇavasena vā anuppannānaṃ .
Aññathā hi anamatagge saṃsāre anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā nāma na santi .
Tenāha ‘‘ ekasmiṃ bhave ’’ tiādi .
Yasmiṃ bhave ayaṃ imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati , tasmiṃ ekasmiṃ bhave .
Janetīti uppādeti .
Tādisaṃ chandaṃ kurumāno evaṃ chandaṃ janeti nāma .
Vāyāmaṃ karotīti payogaṃ parakkamaṃ karoti .
Vīriyaṃ
P2.438 pavattetīti kāyikacetasikavīriyaṃ pakārato vatteti .Vīriyena cittaṃ paggahitaṃ karotīti teneva sahajātavīriyena cittaṃ ukkhipento kosajjapātato nisedhanena paggahitaṃ karoti .
Padahanaṃ pavattetīti padhānaṃ vīriyaṃ karoti .
Paṭipāṭiyā panetāni cattāri padāni āsevanābhāvanābahulīkammasātaccakiriyāhi yojetabbāni .
Uppannapubbānan ti sadisavohārena vuttaṃ .
Bhavati hi taṃsadisesu tabbohāro yathā ‘‘ sā eva tittiri , tāni eva osadhānī ’’ ti .
Tenāha ‘‘ idāni tādise ’’ ti .
Uppannānan ti ‘‘ anuppannā ’’ ti avattabbataṃ āpannānaṃ .
Pahānāyāti pajahanatthāya .
Anuppannānaṃ kusalānan ti ettha kusalāti uttarimanussadhammā adhippetā , tesañca uppādo nāma adhigamo paṭilābho , tappaṭikkhepena anuppādo appaṭilābhoti āha ‘‘ appaṭiladdhānaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīnan ’’ ti .
‘‘ Ṭhitiyā vīriyaṃ ārabhatī ’’ ti vutte na khaṇaṭhiti adhippetā tadatthaṃ vīriyārabbhena payojanābhāvato , atha kho pabandhaṭhiti adhippetāti āha ‘‘ punappunaṃ uppattipabandhavasena ṭhitatthan ’’ ti .
Sammussanaṃ paṭipakkhadhammavasena adassanamupagamananti tappaṭikkhepena asammussanaṃ asammosoti āha ‘‘ asammosāyāti avināsanatthan ’’ ti .
Bhiyyobhāvo punappunaṃ bhavanaṃ , so pana
V2.320 uparūpari uppattīti āha ‘‘ uparibhāvāyā ’’ ti .Vepullaṃ abhiṇhappavattiyā paguṇabalavabhāvāpattīti vuttaṃ ‘‘ vepullāyāti vipulabhāvāyā ’’ ti , mahantabhāvāyāti attho .
Bhāvanāya paripūraṇatthan ti jhānādibhāvanāparibrūhanatthaṃ .
Catūsu
M2.347 ṭhānesūti anuppannākusalānuppādanādīsu catūsu ṭhānesu .Kiccasādhanavasenāti catubbidhassapi kiccassa
P2.439 ekajjhaṃ nipphādanavasena .Jhānāni pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi nānāti yadipi samādhiupakārakehi abhiniropanānumajjanasampiyāyanabrūhanasantasukhasabhāvehi vitakkādīhi sampayogabhedato bhāvanātisayappavattānaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ vasena sammāsamādhi vibhatto , tathāpi vāyāmo viya anuppannākusalānuppādanādicatuvāyāmakiccaṃ , sati viya ca asubhāsukhāniccānattesu kāyādīsu subhādisaññāppahānacatusatikiccaṃ , eko samādhi catujhānasamādhikiccaṃ na sādhetīti pubbabhāgepi paṭhamajjhānasamādhi eva maggakkhaṇepi , tathā pubbabhāgepi catutthajjhānasamādhi eva maggakkhaṇe pīti attho .
Nānāmaggavasenāti paṭhamamaggādinānāmaggavasena jhānāni nānā .
Dutiyādayo pi maggā dutiyādīnaṃ jhānānaṃ .
Ayaṃ panassāti ettha maggabhāvena catubbidhampi ekattena gahetvā ‘‘ assā ’’ ti vuttaṃ , assa maggassāti attho .
Ayan ti pana ayaṃ jhānavasena sabbasadisasabbāsadisekaccasadisatā viseso .
Pādakajjhānaniyamena hotīti idha pādakajjhānaniyamaṃ dhuraṃ katvā vuttaṃ , yathā cettha , evaṃ sammohavinodaniya mpi ( vibha . aṭṭha .205).
Aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ ( dha . sa . aṭṭha .350) pana vipassanāniyamo vutto sabbavādāvirodhato , idha pana sammasitajjhānapuggalajjhāsayavādanivattanato pādakajjhānaniyamo vutto .
Vipassanāniyamo pana sādhāraṇattā idhāpi na paṭikkhittoti daṭṭhabbo .
Aññe ca ācariyavādā parato vakkhamānā vibhajitabbāti yathāvuttameva tāva pādakajjhānaniyamaṃ vibhajanto āha ‘‘ pādakajjhānaniyamena tāvā ’’ ti .
Paṭhamajjhāniko hoti , yasmā āsannapadese vuṭṭhitasamāpatti maggassa
P2.440 attano sadisabhāvaṃ karoti bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa .Paripuṇṇāneva hontīti aṭṭha satta ca hontīti attho .
Satta honti sammāsaṅkappassa abhāvato .
Cha honti pītisambojjhaṅgassa abhāvato .
Maggaṅgabojjhaṅgānaṃ sattachabhāvaṃ atidisati ‘‘ esa nayo ’’ ti .
Arūpe catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ … pe … vuttaṃ aṭṭhasāliniyanti adhippāyo .
Nanu tattha ‘‘ arūpe tikacatukkajjhānaṃ uppajjatī ’’ ti ( dha . sa . aṭṭha .350) vuttaṃ
V2.321 , na ‘‘ catukkapañcakajjhānan ’’ ti ?Saccametaṃ , yesu pana saṃsayo atthi , tesaṃ uppattidassanena
M2.348 , tena atthato ‘‘ catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ uppajjatī ’’ ti vuttameva hotīti evamāhāti veditabbaṃ .Samudāyañca apekkhitvā ‘‘ tañca lokuttaraṃ , na lokiyan ’’ ti āha ‘‘ avayavekattaṃ liṅgasamudāyassa visesakaṃ hotī ’’ ti .
Catutthajjhānameva hi tattha lokiyaṃ uppajjati , na catukkaṃ , pañcakaṃ vāti .
Ettha kathan ti pādakajjhānassa abhāvā kathaṃ daṭṭhabbanti attho .
Taṃjhānikāvassa tattha tayo maggā uppajjanti , tajjhānikaṃpaṭhamaphalādiṃ pādakaṃ katvā uparimaggabhāvanāyāti adhippāyo .
Tikacatukkajjhānikaṃ pana maggaṃ bhāvetvā tattha uppannassa arūpacatutthajjhānaṃ , tajjhānikaṃ phalañca pādakaṃ katvā uparimaggabhāvanāya aññajhānikāpi uppajjantīti , jhānaṅgādiniyāmikā pubbābhisaṅkhārasamāpattipādakaṃ , na sammasitabbāti phalassāpi pādakatā daṭṭhabbā .
Keci panāti moravāpīmahādattattheraṃ sandhāyāha .
Puna kecīti tipiṭakacūḷābhayattheraṃ
P2.441 .Tatiyavāre kecīti ‘‘ pādakajjhānameva niyametī ’’ ti evaṃ vādinaṃ tipiṭakacūḷanāgattherañceva anantaraṃ vutte dve ca there ṭhapetvā itare there sandhāya vadati .
403. Sasantatipariyāpannānaṃ dukkhasamudayānaṃ appavattibhāvena pariggayhamāno nirodhopi sasantatipariyāpanno viya hotīti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘ attano vā cattāri saccānī ’’ ti .
Parassa vāti etthāpi eseva nayo .
Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘ imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññāpemi , lokasamudayañca paññāpemi , lokanirodhañca paññāpemi , lokanirodhagāminipaṭipadañca paññāpemī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .1.107; a . ni .4.45) kathaṃ pana ādikammiko nirodhamaggasaccāni pariggaṇhātīti ?
Anussavādisiddhamākāraṃ pariggaṇhāti .
Evañca katvā lokuttarabojjhaṅge uddissāpi pariggaho na virujjhati .
Yathāsambhavatoti sambhavānurūpaṃ , ṭhapetvā nirodhasaccaṃ sesasaccavasena samudayavayāti veditabbāti attho .
Catusaccapabbavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
Dhammānupassanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
404.‘‘ Aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ
M2.349 samaṃsan ’’ tiādikā satta sivathikā aṭṭhikakammaṭṭhānatāya itarāsaṃV2.322 uddhumātakādīnaṃ sabhāvenevāti navannaṃ sivathikānaṃ appanākammaṭṭhānatā vuttā .Dveyevāti ānāpānaṃ , dvattiṃsākāroti imāni dveyeva .
Abhinivesoti vipassanābhiniveso , so pana sammasaniyadhammapariggaho .
Iriyāpathā , ālokitādayo ca rūpadhammānaṃ avatthāvisesamattatāya na sammasanupagā viññattiādayo viya .
Nīvaraṇabojjhaṅgā ādito na pariggahetabbāti
P2.442 vuttaṃ ‘‘ iriyāpatha … pe … na jāyatī ’’ ti .Kesādiapadesena tadupādānadhammā viya iriyāpathādiapadesena tadavatthā rūpadhammā pariggayhanti , nīvaraṇādimukhena ca taṃsampayuttā , taṃnissayadhammāti adhippāyena mahāsivatthero ca iriyāpathādīsupi ‘‘ abhiniveso jāyatī ’’ ti avoca .
‘‘ Atthi nu kho me ’’ tiādi pana sabhāvato iriyāpathādīnaṃ ādikammikassa anicchitabhāvadassanaṃ .
Apariññāpubbikā hi pariññāti .
Kāmaṃ ‘‘ idha bhikkhave bhikkhū ’’ tiādinā uddesaniddesesu tattha tattha bhikkhuggahaṇaṃ kataṃ taṃpaṭipattiyā bhikkhubhāvadassanatthaṃ , desanā pana sabbasādhāraṇāti dassetuṃ ‘‘ yo hi koci bhikkhave ’’ icceva vuttaṃ , na bhikkhu yevāti dassento ‘‘ yo hi koci bhikkhu vā ’’ tiādimāha .
Dassanamaggena ñātamariyādaṃ anatikkamitvā jānantī sikhāppattā aggamaggapaññā aññā nāma , tassa phalabhāvato aggaphalaṃ pīti āha ‘‘ aññāti arahattan ’’ ti .
Appatarepi kāle sāsanassa niyyānikabhāvaṃ dassentoti yojanā .
Niyyātentoti nigamento .
Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā .