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(SN) Sagāthāvagga-aṭṭhakathā
(SN) Sagāthāvagga-aṭṭhakathā

Paṭhamavaggo

Author： _System_commentary_ @ Administrator

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Tapokammasuttavaṇṇanā

137. UruvelāyaV1.176M1.201 samīpe gāmo uruvelagāmo , taṃ uruvelagāmaṃ abhimukhabhāvena sammadeva sabbadhamme bujjhatīti abhisambodhi , sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ , tena samannāgatattā ca bhagavā abhisambuddhoti vuccati . Tassa pañcacattālīsāya vassesu ādito pannarasa vassāni paṭhamabodhi , idha pana sattāhabbhantarameva adhippetanti āha ‘‘ abhisambuddho hutvā antosattāhasmiṃ yevā ’’ ti .
Asukhabhāvena aññehi kātuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā dukkaraṃ karotīti dukkarakāro , so eva itthiliṅgavasena dukkarakārikā . Tāya mutto vatamhīti cintesi . Yadi evaṃ kasmā taṃ lokanātho chabbassāni samanuyuñjati ? Kammapīḷitavasena . Vuttañhetaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 1.39.92-94)– ‘‘ Avacāhaṃ jotipālo , sugataṃ kassapaṃ tadā ; Kuto nu bodhi muṇḍassa , bodhi paramadullabhā . ‘‘ Tena kammavipākena , acariṃ dukkaraṃ bahuṃ ; Chabbassānuruvelāyaṃ , tato bodhimapāpuṇiṃ . ‘‘ Nāhaṃ etena maggena , pāpuṇiṃ bodhimuttamaṃ ; Kummaggena gavesissaṃ , pubbakammena vārito ’’ ti .
Māretīti vibādheti . Vipattiādisaṃyojanañhi sādhūnaṃ paramatthato maraṇaṃ saccapaṭivedhamāraṇattā , pāpatarattā pāpatamoti pāpimā . Sā cassa pāpatamatā pāpavuttitāyāti āha ‘‘ pāpeV1.177 niyutto ’’ ti . Adhipatīti kāmādhipati . Appahīnakāmarāge attano vase vattetīti vasavattī . Tesaṃyeva kusalakammānaṃ antaṃ karotīti antako . Vaṭṭadukkhato aparimuttapaccayattā namuci . Mattānaṃ pamattānaṃ bandhūti pamattabandhu .
TapokammātiM1.202 attakilamathānuyogato .
Aparaddhoti virajjhasi . ‘‘ Aparādho ’’ tipi atthi , soyeva attho .
Kāyakilamathaṃ anuyuñjanto yebhuyyena amaratthāya anuyuñjati , so ca kammavādīhi anuyuñjiyamāno devatthāya siyāti āha ‘‘ amarabhāvatthāyā ’’ ti .
Sabbaṃ tapan ti sabbaṃ attaparitāpanaṃ . Atthāvahaṃ na bhavati bodhiyā anupāyattā . Kiñcassāti kiñci siyāti attho .
Phiyārittaṃva dhammanīti dhammaṃ vuccati vaṇṇu , so idha ‘‘ dhamman ’’ ti vutto , dhammani vaṇṇupadeseti attho . Tenāha ‘‘ araññe ’’ ti . Ubhosu passesu phiyāhi ākaḍḍheyya ceva arittehi uppīḷeyya ca .
Sammāvācākammantājīvā gahitā maggasīlassa adhippetattā . Samādhino hi gahaṇena sammāvāyāmasatisamādhayo gahitā upakārabhāvato . Paññāyāti etthāpi eseva nayo .
Bujjhati etenāti bodho . Maggoti āha ‘‘ bodhāyāti maggatthāyā ’’ ti . Kathaṃ pana maggaṃ maggatthāya bhāvetīti āha ‘‘ yathā hī ’’ tiādi . Tena yathā yāgupacanārambho yāvadeva yāguattho , evaṃ maggabhāvanārambho maggādhigamatthāyāti dasseti . Ārambhoti ca ariyamaggabhāvanāya bandhāpanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ . Keci pana ‘‘ magganti ariyamaggaṃ , bodhāyāti arahattasambodhāya , evañca katvā ‘ pattosmi paramasuddhin ’ ti idampi vacanaṃ samatthitan ’’ ti vadanti , apare pana ‘‘ sabbaññutaññāṇasambodhāyāti . So hi sabbasmāpi bodhito uttaritaro ’’ ti .
Nihato nibbisevanabhāvaṃ pāpito . Tenāha ‘‘ parājito ’’ ti .
Tapokammasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
2. Hatthirājavaṇṇasuttavaṇṇanā
138. Andhabhāvakāraketi pacurajanassa cakkhuviññāṇuppattinivāraṇena andhabhāvakārake . Mahātameti mahati tamasi .
Pāsāṇaphalake mahācīvaraṃ sīse ṭhapetvāti etena taṃ phalakaṃ apassāya nisinnoti dassetiM1.203 . Padhānan ti bhāvanaṃ . Pariggaṇhamānoti sabbaso gaṇhanto avissajjento , bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjanto anupubbasamāpattiyo phalasamāpattiñca manasikarontoti attho .
Tenāha ‘‘ nanu cā ’’ tiādi .
Ariṭṭhakoti ariṭṭhakavaṇṇo . Tenāha ‘‘ kāḷako ’’ ti .
Dīghamaddhānan tiV1.178 cirataraṃ kālaṃ . Saṃsaran ti āsādanādhippāyena sañcaranto , alaṃ tuyhaṃ etena nippayojananti adhippāyo . Na hi tena mārassa kāci atthasiddhīti .
Hatthirājavaṇṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

3. Subhasuttavaṇṇanā

139. Susaṃvutāti maggasaṃvarena suṭṭhu saṃvutā . Supihitāti suṭṭhu pihitā .
Vasānugāti kāyādidvāravasānugā vasavattino na honti .
Baddhacarāti paṭibaddhacariyāti .
Subhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā . 4. Paṭhamamārapāsasuttavaṇṇanā
140. Upāyamanasikārenāti aniccādīsu aniccādito manasikaraṇena .
Upāyavīriyenāti anuppannākusalānaṃ anuppādanāya vidhinā pavattavīriyena . Kāraṇavīriyenāti anuppannānuppādanādiatthassa kāraṇabhūtena vīriyena . Anuppannapāpakānuppādanādiatthāni hi vīriyāni yadatthaṃ honti , taṃ atthaṃ sādhentiyevāti etassa atthassa dīpako sammā-saddo . Yonisosammāsaddena hi upāyakāraṇatthadīpakataṃ sandhāya ‘‘ upāyavīriyena kāraṇavīriyenā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Arahattaphalavimutti ukkaṭṭhaniddesena .
Mārena ‘‘ mayhaṃ kho , bhikkhave ’’ tiādikaṃ bhagavato vacanaṃ sutvā vuttaṃ ‘‘ arahattaṃ patvāpi na tussatī ’’ tiādi .
KilesapāsenātiM1.204 kilesamārassa upāyabhūtena . Kilesamāro hi satte kāmaguṇapāsehi nibandhati , na pana sayameva . Tenāha ‘‘ ye dibbā kāmaguṇasaṅkhātā ’’ tiādi .
Mārabandhaneti kilesamārassa bandhanaṭṭhāne , bhavacāraketi attho .
Na me samaṇa mokkhasīti idaṃ māro ‘‘ anuttarā vimutti anuppattā , vimuttā sabbapāsehī ’’ ti ca bhagavato vacanaṃ asaddahanto vadati saddahantopi vā ‘‘ evamayaṃ paresaṃ sattānaṃ mokkhāya ussāhaṃ na kareyyā ’’ ti attano kohaññe ṭhatvā vadati .
Paṭhamamārapāsasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

5. Dutiyamārapāsasuttavaṇṇanā

141. Anupubbagamanacārikan tiV1.179 gāmanigamarājadhānīsu anukkamena gamanasaṅkhātaṃ cārikaṃ .
Evaṃ hi gatesūti evaṃ tumhesu bahūsu ekajjhaṃ gatesu .
Ādimhi kalyāṇaṃ etassāti ādikalyāṇaṃ , tathā sesesu .
Sāsanassa ādi sīlaṃ mūlakattā . Tassa samathādayo majjhaṃ sāsanasampattiyā vemajjhabhāvato . Phalanibbānāni pariyosānaṃ tadadhigamato uttari karaṇīyābhāvato . Sāsane sammāpaṭipatti nāma paññāya hoti , tassā ca sīlaṃ samādhi ca mūlanti āha ‘‘ sīlasamādhayo vā ādī ’’ ti . Yasmā paññā anubodhapaṭivedhavasena duvidhā , tasmā tadubhayaṃ gaṇhanto ‘‘ vipassanāmaggā majjhan ’’ ti āha . Paññānipphatti phalakiccaṃ , nibbānasacchikiriyā pana sammāpaṭipattiyā pariyosānaṃ tato paraṃ kattabbābhāvatoti āha ‘‘ phalanibbānāni pariyosānan ’’ ti . Phalaggahaṇena hi saupādisesanibbānaṃ gayhati , itarena itaraṃ , tadubhayavasena paṭipattiyā osānanti āha ‘‘ phalanibbānāni pariyosānan ’’ ti . ‘‘ Tasmātiha tvaṃ , bhikkhu , ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu . Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ? Sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ , diṭṭhi ca ujukā ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .5.369) vacanato sīladiṭṭhujukatāya matthakabhūtā vipassanā , tadadhiṭṭhānā sīlasamādhīti imeM1.205 tassa sāsanassa mūlanti āha ‘‘ sīlasamādhivipassanā vā ādī ’’ ti . Sesaṃ vuttanayameva . Kiñcāpi avayavavinimutto samudāyo natthi , yesu pana avayavesu samudāyarūpena apekkhitesu gāthāti samaññā , taṃ tato bhinnaṃ viya katvā dassento ‘‘ catuppadikagāthāya tāva paṭhamapādo ’’ tiādimāha . Pañcapadachappadānaṃ gāthānaṃ ādipariyosānaggahaṇena itare dutiyādayo tayo cattāro vā majjhanti avuttasiddhamevāti na vuttaṃ . Ekānusandhikasuttassāti idaṃ bahuvibhāgaṃ yathānusandhinā ekānusandhikaṃ suttaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ , itarassa pana teyeva desetabbadhammavibhāgena ādimajjhapariyosānabhāgā labbhanti . Nidānan ti kāladesakaparisādi-apadisanalakkhaṇādiko attho . Idamavocāti iti -saddo ādiattho . Tena tadavasesanigamanapāḷiṃ saṅgaṇhāti . Anekānusandhīkassa saha nidānena paṭhamo anusandhi ādi . Saha nigamanena pacchimo pariyosānaṃ , itarena majjhimantiādimajjhapariyosānāni veditabbāni .
Sātthakan ti atthasampattiyā sātthakaṃ katvā . Sabyañjanan ti byañjanasampattiyā sabyañjanaṃ . Sampatti ca nāma paripuṇṇabyañjanatāti āha ‘‘ byañjanehi … pe … desetā ’’ ti .
Sakalaparipuṇṇan tiV1.180 sabbaso paripuṇṇaṃ sīlādipañcadhammakkhandhapāripūriyā . Nirupakkilesaṃ diṭṭhimānādiupakkilesābhāvato . Avisesato tisso sikkhā sakale sāsane bhavanti . Dhammoti pana brahmacariyaṃ vā sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ katamesānaṃ kho , bhante , buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ brahmacariyaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ ahosī ’’ tiādīsu ( pārā .18) viya . Dukūlasāṇiyā paṭicchannā viya , na tu pākāraselādipaṭicchannā viya . Tena dhammaniruttiyā sakalakilesānaṃ pahānānubhāvaṃ vadati . Alābhaparihāniyā , na laddhaparihāniyā . Aḍḍhuḍḍhānīti pañcasatādhikāni tīṇi pāṭihāriyasahassāni . Sātan ti sukhaṃ . Dutiyamārapāsasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā . 6. Sappasuttavaṇṇanā
142. Surākārakānan tiM1.206 piṭṭhasurāyojanakānaṃ .
Kosalānaṃ issaroti kosalo , kosalarājassa ayanti kosalikā . Paribhogapātīti bhattaparibhojanatthāya pāti paribhogapāti .
Kammāruddhanapaṇāḷiyāti kammāruddhanapaṇāḷimukhe .
Dhamamānāyāti dhamiyamānāya . Taṃ pana yasmā bhastavātehi pūritaṃ nāma hoti , tasmā ‘‘ bhastavātena pūriyamānāyā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Niyāmabhūmiyan ti bhagavato paṭisallānaṭṭhāne sañcarantaṃ māraṃ maṃsacakkhunāva disvā . Tenāha ‘‘ vijjulatālokenā ’’ ti .
Seyyatthāyāti seyyānisaṃsāya . Tenāha ‘‘ ṭhassāmī ’’ tiādi .
Attasaññatoti attabhāvena saṃyato . Tenāha ‘‘ saṃyatattabhāvo ’’ ti .
Taṃsaṇṭhitassāti tasmiṃ hatthapādakukkuccarahite buddhamunismiṃ avaṭṭhitassa . Vossajja careyya tattha soti iminā bhagavā taṃ byākaramāno vibhiṃsitā buddhānaṃ kiṃ karissati bhayābhāvato ? Kevalaṃ pana anaṭṭhavalikaṃ uppīḷento viya tvameva āyāsaṃ āpajjissasīti māraṃ santajjeti .
Bheravāti avītarāgānaṃ bhayajanakā .
Tatthāti taṃnimittaṃ .
Phaleyyāti bhijjeyya .
Sattisallan ti sattisaṅkhātaṃ puthusallaṃ . Urasmiṃ cārayeyyun ti phāsuṃ vijjhituṃ ṭhapeyyuṃ uggireyyuṃ .
Khandhupadhīsūti khandhasaṅkhātesu upadhīsu .
Tāṇaṃ karonti nāmāti tato bhayanimittato attano tāṇaṃ karonti nāma .
Sappasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

7. Supatisuttavaṇṇanā

143. UtugāhāpanatthaṃV1.181 dhovitvā , na rajojallavikkhālanatthaṃ . Tenāha ‘‘ buddhānaṃ panā ’’ tiādi .
Dhotapādake geheti dhotapādehi akkamitabbake .
Vattabhedo nāma natthi dhammassāmibhāvato .
VattasīseM1.207 ṭhatvā dhovanti aññesaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanatthaṃ .
Soppapariggāhakenāti ettha soppaṃ nāma niddāya antarantarā pavattakiriyamayacittappavattirahitā nirantarabhavaṅgasantatīti taṃ sabhāvato payojanato kālaparicchedato pariggāhakaṃ upariniddesasatisampajaññaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ soppapariggāhakena satisampajaññenā ’’ ti .
Keci pana ‘‘ niddāsoppanā ’’ ti vadanti , taṃ bhagavato soppaṃ hīḷento vadati .
Kiṃ nūti etthaṃ kin ti hetunissakke paccattavacananti āha ‘‘ kasmā nu supasī ’’ ti ?
Dubbhago vuccati nissiriko bhinnabhago , so pana matasadiso visaññisadiso ca hotīti āha ‘‘ mato viya visaññī viya cā ’’ ti .
Ādināti ādi -saddena ‘‘ bāhirassa upādāya aṭṭhārasā ’’ tiādinā ( vibha .842) āgataṃ taṇhākoṭṭhāsaṃ saṅgaṇhāti . Tattha tattha visattatāyāti tammiṃ tasmiṃ ārammaṇe visesato āsattabhāvena . Visassa dukkhanibbattakakammassa hetubhāvato visamūlatā visaṃ vā dukkhadukkhādibhūtavedanā mūlaṃ etassāti visamūlā , taṇhā . Tassa rūpādikassa dukkhassa paribhogo , na amatassāti visaparibhogatā .
Katthaci netun ti katthaci bhave sabbathā netuṃ ?
Parikkhayāti sabbaso khīṇattā .
Tuyhaṃ kiṃ etthāti sabbupadhiparikkhayā suddhassa mama paṭipattiyaṃ tuyhaṃ kiṃ ujjhāyanaṃ ? Kevalaṃ vighātoyeva teti dasseti .
Supatisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

8. Nandatisuttavaṇṇanā

144. Aṭṭhamaṃ uttānatthameva . Nandatisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

9. Paṭhamaāyusuttavaṇṇanā

145. PaṇṇāsaṃV1.182M1.208 vā vassāni jīvati vassasatato upari seyyathāpi thero anuruddho . Saṭṭhi vā vassāni seyyathāpi thero bākulo .
Paṭiharitvā paccanīkabhāve sātaṃ sukhaṃ etassāti paccanīkasāto , tabbhāvo paccanīkasātatā , tāya . Abhibhavitvā abhāsi paṭivacanaṃ jānamānova .
Na hīḷeyya na jiguccheyya .
Evan ti so dārako viya kiñci acintento sappuriso careyya , evaṃ hissa cittadukkhaṃ na hotīti adhippāyo .
Pajjalitasīso viya careyyāti yathā pajjalitasīso puriso aññaṃ kiñci akatvā tasseva vūpasamāya vāyameyya , evaṃ sappuriso āyuṃ parittanti ñatvā teneva nayena sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ aniccaṃ , aniccattā eva dukkhaṃ , anattāti vipassanampi otaritvā taṃ ussukkāpentopi saṅkhāravigamāya careyya paṭipajjeyya .
Paṭhamaāyusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

10. Dutiyaāyusuttavaṇṇanā

146. Nemīvāti nemisīsena cakkaṃ vadati . Kubbaraṃ anupariyāyatīti kubbaraṃ anuparivattati . Tathābhūto pana so taṃ ajahantovāti āha ‘‘ na vijahatī ’’ ti . Āyu anupariyāyatīti maccānaṃ āyu gatampi paccāgacchatīti bhagavato paṭāṇi hutvā vadati , bhagavā pana taṃ abhibhavitvā ‘‘ accayanti ahorattā ’’ tiādinā āyuno accayagamanamaraṇataṃyeva pavedesi .
Dutiyaāyusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .