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Visuddhimaggo(Dutiyo bhāgo)
Visuddhimaggo(Dutiyo bhāgo)

Cattārīsākāraanupassanākathāvaṇṇanā

Author: _System_commentary_ @ Administrator

Cattārīsākāraanupassanākathāvaṇṇanā

697. Soti yogāvacaro . Tassāti yathāvuttabhedassa aniccatādisammasanassa . Thirabhāvatthāyāti daḷhabhāvatthāya aniccādiākārassa punappunaṃ manasikāro viya bahulīkārabhāvato . Yaṃ taṃ bhagavatā etassa vibhaṅge aniccādisammasanaṃ vuttanti sambandho . Anulomikan ti ariyamaggādhigamassa anukūlaṃ . Khantin ti ñāṇakhantiṃ . Ñāṇañhi visayasabhāvaṃ ogāhetvā vavatthāne khamati sahatīti khantīti vuccati . Sammattaniyāman ti ariyamaggaṃ . So hi sammādiṭṭhiādisammattañceva anivattidhammatāya niyāmo cāti vuccati . ‘‘ Ādinā nayenā ’’ ti iminā ‘‘ pañcakkhandhe dukkhato passanto anulomikaṃ khantiṃ paṭilabhati , khandhānaṃ nirodho sukhaṃ nibbānanti passanto sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .3.38) evamādiko pāṭhaseso rogādipaṭipakkhayojanāvasena vitthāretabbo . ‘‘ Khandhānaṃ nirodho niccaṃ nibbānan ’’ ti vacanena saṅkhārānaṃ dukkharogatādipaṭipakkho nibbānassa sukhārogyādibhāvo ‘‘ ādinā nayenā ’’ ti ettha nayaggahaṇena dīpitoti . Avaseso sabbo pāṭho pakāsito eva hotīti . KāmañcetaṃM2.394 cattārīsāya ākārehi sammasanaṃ anulomañāṇe bhāvetabbavidhānaṃ . Tenāha ‘‘ anulomañāṇaṃ vibhajantena … pe … vuttan ’’ ti , ito paṭṭhāya pana kataparicayasseva kiccāvahaṃ hotīti idhāpi vuttantīti daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Tassāpīti na kevalaṃ kalāpasammasanasseva , atha kho yathādassitassa cattālīsappabhedassa aniccādisammasanassapi . Tañhi anulomikakhantipaṭilābhāya , sammattaniyāmokkamanāya ca saṃvattanato ekaṃsato icchitabbaṃ . Vuttañhi – ‘‘ So vata , bhikkhave , bhikkhu kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato samanupassanto anulomikāya khantiyā samannāgato bhavissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati , anulomikāya khantiyāV2.370 asamannāgato sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati , sammattaniyāmaṃ anokkamamāno sotāpattiphalaṃ vā … pe … arahattaṃ vā sacchikarissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati . So vata , bhikkhave , bhikkhu sabbasaṅkhāre aniccato samanupassanto ’’ ti ( a . ni .6.98; paṭi . ma .3.36)– Ādi sukkapakkho vitthāretabbo . Tathā ‘‘ so vata , bhikkhave , bhikkhu kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato , dukkhato , kañci dhammaṃ attato , anattato ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .3.36) vitthāretabbo .
698. Ekekaṃ khandhaṃ aniccādisammasanassa vasena sammasatīti sambandho .
Tassa pana sammasanassa pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ sādhāraṇatāya ‘‘ ekekaṃ khandhan ’’ ti vuttaṃ . Anaccantikatāyāti accantikatābhāvato , asassatatāyāti attho . Sassatañhi accantikaṃ parāya koṭiyā abhāvato . Ādiantavantatāyāti pubbāparakoṭivantatāya , udayabbayadhammatoti attho . Aniccato sammasatīti sambandho . Esa nayo sabbattha . Aniccatoti ca addhuvato . Etañhi na niccaṃ , khaṇikatāya asadābhāvitāya vā na iccaṃ na upagantabbanti aniccaṃ .
Uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāyāti uppādena , vayena ca pati pati khaṇe khaṇe taṃsamaṅgino vibādhanasabhāvattā , tehi vā sayameva vibādhetabbattā . Udayabbayavanto hi dhammā abhiṇhaṃ tehi paṭipīḷitā eva honti , yā pīḷanā ‘‘ saṅkhāradukkhatā ’’ ti vuccati . DukkhavatthutāyātiM2.395 tividhassāpi dukkhassa , saṃsāradukkhassa ca adhiṭṭhānabhāvato .
Paccayayāpanīyatāyāti yathārahaṃ paccayehi yāpetabbatāya . Rogamūlatāyāti mūlabyādhi viya anubandhabyādhīnaṃ mūlabhāvato , padadvayenāpi yāpyarogasadisatoti dasseti . Yāpyabyādhi hi rogo itaro ābādhoti .
Dukkhatāsūlayogitāyāti tividhadukkhatāsaṅkhātena rujjanena yujjatāya . Kilesāsucipaggharaṇatāyāti yathārahamārammaṇavasena , samannāgamavasena ca rāgādikilesāsucivissandanato . Ahutvā sambhavato uppattiyā uddhumātatā . Antotudanatāyāti abbhantare tudanato . Dukkhavedanādayo viya hi ime saṅkhārā attabhāvassa abbhantaragatā eva udayabbayavasena tudanti . Ariyamaggasaṇḍāsena vinā nīharituṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya dunnīharaṇīyatā taṇhādiṭṭhābhinivesadaḷhabhāvato .
Aghan ti pāpaṃ viya ariyajanehiV2.371 vigarahitabbaṃ . Sattānaṃ anatthajananato avaḍḍhiāvahaṃ , pāpassa ca vatthubhūtaṃ khandhapañcakanti āha ‘‘ vigaraha … pe … aghato ’’ ti .
Aseribhāvajanakatāyāti paravasatājananato . Yathā gilāno aññehi saṃvesanavuṭṭhāpanādinā parapaṭibaddhasarīravuttiko aserī , evametepi aseribhāvajanakā .
Avasatāyāti avasavattanato . Yathā parosatanto puriso parassa vasaṃ na gacchati , evaṃ subhasukhādibhāvena vase vattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyato . Avidheyyatāyāti ‘‘ mā jīratha , mā mīyathā ’’ tiādinā vidhātuṃ asakkuṇeyyato .
Palujjanatāyāti byādhiādīhi pakārehi chijjanato vinassanato . Tehi eva vā ābyasanato . Byasanattho hi lokasaddo , pasaddo bhusattho daṭṭhabbo . Byādhiādīhi ca khandhānaṃ byasananti .
Byasanāvahabhāvena etīti īti , āgantukānaṃ akusalapakkhiyānaṃ byasanahetūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Khandhā ca edisāti āha ‘‘ anekabyasanāvahatāya ītito ’’ ti .
Upaddavatīti upaddavo , anatthaṃ janento abhibhavati ajjhottharatīti attho , rājadaṇḍādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ . Khandhā ca edisāti vuttaṃ ‘‘ aviditānaṃ … pe … upaddavato ’’ ti .
Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikabhayāvahato , abhayapaṭipakkhato ca khandhā bhayanti āha ‘‘ sabbabhayānaṃ … pe … bhayato ’’ ti .
Bahiddhā ñātibyasanādīhi , ajjhattaṃ rāgādīhi anatthehi upasajjanaṭṭhena , upasaggasadisatāyaM2.396 ca upasaggo . Upasaggoti ca devatūpasaṃhāravasena pavatto byādhiādianattho . So atthakāmena muhuttampi na ajjhupekkhitabbo hoti . Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ anekehi … pe … upasaggato ’’ ti .
Dosūpasaṭṭhatāyāti ārammaṇato , sampayogato ca rāgādidosehi upetatāya . Lokadhammā lābhādihetukā anunayapaṭighā , tehi , byādhiādīhi ca anavaṭṭhitatā pacalitatā .
Upakkamenāti attano , parassa vā payogena . Sarasenāti sabhāvena . Pabhaṅgupagamanasīlatā bhiduratā .
Sabbāvatthanipātitāyāti rukkhaphalaṃ viya atitaruṇakālato paṭṭhāya sabbāsu avatthāsu nipatanasīlatāya . Anipatassapi sabbena sabbaṃ asāratāya thirabhāvassa abhāvatāya . Thirañhi dhuvaṃ nāma hoti .
Tāyituṃ rakkhituṃ asamatthatāya na tāyanoti atāyano , tabbhāvo atāyanatā . Tāṇāsīsāya upagatassa alabbhaneyyakhematā .
Dukkhabhītiyā upalīyanādhippāyena allīyituṃ . Dukkhanivattanaṃ leṇakiccaṃ . Jātiādibhayānaṃ hiṃsanaṃ vidhamanaṃ bhayasārakattaṃ .
Yathāparikappitehīti paramatthato avijjamānehi bālehi parikappitappakārehi . Rittatāyāti vivittatāya , virahitatāyātiV2.372 attho . Antosārābhāvo rittatā . Sā eva ca tucchatāti āha ‘‘ rittatāyeva tucchato ’’ ti . Appakattāti parittattā , lāmakattā vā .
Dhuvasārābhāvādīhi saddhiṃ attasārābhāvaṃ rittapadena vatvā nibbattitamattasārābhāvameva suññapadena dassetuṃ ‘‘ sāmi … pe … suññato ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Yathā kenaci sāmiādilakkhaṇena attanā suññā ete , evaṃ sayampi ataṃsabhāvoti āha ‘‘ sayañca … pe … anattato ’’ ti . Na attāti hi anattāti .
Pavattidukkhatāyāti bhavapavattidukkhabhāvato . Bhavapavatti ca pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ aniccādiākārena pavattanameva , so ca ādīnavo . Yathāha ‘‘ yaṃ , bhikkhave , pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā . Ayaṃ , bhikkhave , pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ādīnavo ’’ ti . Tenāha ‘‘ dukkhassa ca ādīnavatāyā ’’ ti . Ādīnan ti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso yathā ‘‘ ekamantan ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.165), ativiya kapaṇanti attho . Bhusattho hi ayaṃ ā -kāro .
YathāM2.397 ‘‘ dvidhā chiddakaṃ vicchiddakan ’’ ti ettha dvi-saddassa atthe vi -saddo , evamidhāpīti āha ‘‘ dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāya vipariṇāmadhammato ’’ ti . Vipariṇāmo ca viparītasabhāvāpatti .
Dubbalatāyāti sarasabhiduratāya balābhāvato . Dubbalampi kiñci mudukammaññābhāvena duppadhaṃsiyā . Ime pana supadhaṃsiyā evāti āha ‘‘ pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyatāya cā ’’ ti .
Aghassa pāpassa hetutā aghahetutā . Khandhapaṭibaddhameva hi sabbaṃ kibbisanti . Ime rūpādayo sukhahetu , na dukkhahetūti janitavissāsānaṃ hananasīlatāya , khandhesu hi ‘‘ etaṃ mamā ’’ ti gāhavasena sattā byasanaṃ pāpuṇanti , vissāsaṃ vā hanantīti vissāsaghātino , tabbhāvato .
Vigatabhavatāyāti apagatavaḍḍhitāya . Vibhavataṇhā , vibhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavo uttarapadalopena , tato vibhavato , pitusadisassa vā sabhāvahetuno vibhavato vināsato sambhūtatāya .
Āsavānaṃ ārammaṇādinā paccayabhāvo āsavapadaṭṭhānatā .
Bījādiko asādhāraṇo hetu , bhūtasalilādiko sādhāraṇo paccayo . Esa nayo ajjhattepi . Tehi samecca sambhūya kato saṅkhato .
Maccumārassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvena , kilesamārassa paccayabhāvena saṃvaḍḍhanato āmisabhūtatā , khandhāpi khandhānaṃ āmisabhūtā paccayabhāvena saṃvaḍḍhanato , tadantogadhā abhisaṅkhārā . Devaputtamārassa pana ‘‘ mametan ’’ ti adhimānavasena āmisabhāvoti khandhādimārānampi imesaṃ yathārahaṃ āmisabhūtatā vattabbā .
Dhammasaddo ‘‘ jātidhammānan ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .3.373; paṭi . ma .1.33) viya pakatiatthoV2.373 ,‘‘ dhammapaṭisambhidā ’’ tiādīsu ( vibha .718 ādayo ) viya hetuattho cāti āha ‘‘ jātijarābyādhimaraṇapakatitāya , sokaparidevaupāyāsahetutāyā ’’ ti .
Saṃkilesattaya ggahaṇena tadekaṭṭhānaṃ dasannaṃ kilesavatthūnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo . Tadārammaṇāpi hi dhammā tadanativattanato saṃkilesikā eva . Tathā khuddā , taṇhā , jaṭādīsu sarīrassa , saṃkilesassa ca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo .
Cattārīsāpi sammasanāni tīsu anupassanāsu antogadhānevāti tadantogadhabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ ettha hī ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ . Aniccānupassanāni sarūpatoM2.398 , pariyāyato ca aniccabhāvavibhāvanato . Esa nayo itaresupi . ‘‘ Asārakato ’’ ti idaṃ niccasārābhāvavibhāvanaṃ .
Ettāvatā kalāpato dhamme saṅgahetvā nayato sammasanamattaṃ dassitaṃ , na tāva anupadadhammavipassanā vihitāti ‘‘ sammasanārambhavidhānan ’’ ti . Vuttaṃ .