Magganiddesakathāvaṇṇanā
562. Aṭṭha
V2.202 dhammāti ‘‘ katamaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccan ’’ ti ārabhitvā ‘‘ sammādiṭṭhī ’’ tiādinā pāḷiyaṃ ( vibha .205) dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadāniddese āgatā , tameva ca pāḷiṃ ānetvā uddesavasena idha ca vuttā sammādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha dhammā atthato pakāsitā , na maggasaccaniddesavasenāti adhippāyo .
Yadi atthato pakāsitā , kimatthiyaṃ pana idha kathananti āha ‘‘ idha panā ’’ tiādi .
Tattha ‘‘ ekakkhaṇe pavattamānānan ’’ ti idaṃ lokiyakusalacittuppādesu viratiyo nānākkhaṇikā evaM2.215 hontīti katvā vuttaṃ .
Sesamaggadhammā pana tatthāpi ekajjhaṃ uppajjantiyeva .
Visesāvabodhanatthan ti paṭipakkhasamugghātādipavattiākāravisesassa avabodhanatthaṃ .
Vitthārato maggakathā parato āvi bhavissatīti āha ‘‘ saṅkhepato ’’ ti .Catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassāti yathā catusaccābhisamayo hoti , evaṃ sabbaso pubbabhāgapaṭipattiyā paripūraṇavasena paṭipannassa .
Ariyamaggasaṅkhātassa yogassa sabbhāvato yogino .
Kāmaṃ avijjānusayasamugghāte tadekaṭṭhakilesānaṃ lesopi nāvasissati , vijjāya pana avijjā ujuvipaccanīkadhammoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘ avijjānusayasamugghātakan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Parato micchāsaṅkappādiggahaṇepi eseva nayo .
Dhātuppakāsanarasāti paramatthapakāsanarasā , catusaccavibhāvanakiccāti attho .
Maggadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhavidhamanākāro sātisayaṃ pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhātīti avijjānusayasamugghātakataṃ sammādiṭṭhiyā vatvāpi avijjandhakāraviddhaṃsanapaccupaṭṭhānatā vuttā .
Tathā sampannadiṭṭhinoti yathā avijjānusayasamugghāto hoti , tathā maggasammādiṭṭhiyā sampannadiṭṭhino .
Evañhi catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassa yoginoti imamatthaṃ tathā-saddo upasaṃharati .
Nibbānārammaṇatā pana taṃsampayuttavacaneneva bodhitā .
Micchāsaṅkappanighātakan ti kāmasaṅkappādimicchāsaṅkappasamucchedakaṃ .
Appanārasoti nibbānārammaṇe maggacittassa samuppādavasena pavattanato appanākicco .
Tathā passato vitakkayato cāti vuttappakārāya sammādiṭṭhiyā passato , nibbānārammaṇe ca sammāsaṅkappena cittaṃ abhiniropayato .
Vacīduccaritasamugghātikāti catubbidhassapi vacīduccaritassa samucchedikā .
Musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ
V2.203 paṭipakkhabhāvato siniddhabhāvena sampayuttadhammānaṃ pariggāhakasabhāvā sammāvācāti āha ‘‘ sā pariggahalakkhaṇā ’’ ti .Kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti , sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hotīti sammākammantasaṅkhātā viratipi samuṭṭhānasabhāvā vuttā .
Sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ samuṭṭhāpanaṃ kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya .
Assāti yogino .
Tasmiṃ sati visujjhanato visuddhibhūtā .
Jīvamānassa sattassa , sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā suddhi vodānaṃ , ājīvasseva vā jīvitindriyavuttiyā
M2.216 .
Ñāyājīvassa abuddhapaṭikuṭṭhāya sammājīvikāya pavattihetutāya ñāyājīvapavattiraso .
Imassa hi pavattito paṭṭhāya micchājīvo na pavattatīti .Sabbākusalaviddhaṃsakopi sammāvāyāmo ujupaṭipakkhadassanavasena kosajjasamucchedako vutto .
Saṃkilesapakkhatopi tassa paggaṇhanaṃ paggaho .
Kāyādīsu subhādiākārupadhāraṇavasena pavattā subhasaññādipubbaṅgamā akusalakkhandhā micchāsati , tassā viddhaṃsano micchāsativiniddhunano .
Asammosoti sammosaviddhaṃsanato tappaṭipakkho .
Ārammaṇassa yathāsabhāvasallakkhaṇaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ .
‘‘ Ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā ’’ ti ,‘‘ satārakkhena cetasā ’’ ti ( dī . ni .3.348) ca vacanato visesato sati kusalacittassa ārakkhāti āha ‘‘ satiyā saṃrakkhiyamānacittassā ’’ ti .
563. Saccañāṇassāti saccāni ārabbha pavattanakañāṇassa , na paṭivedhañāṇaṃ viya sakideva bujjhati , atha kho punappunaṃ uppajjanato anu anu bodho anubodho , anussavākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantianugato vā bodho anubodho , tadeva ñāṇanti anubodhañāṇaṃ .
Na hi taṃ paccakkhato bujjhati , anussavādivasena pana kappanamukhena bujjhati .
Kiccatoti parijānanādito .
Taṃkiccakaraṇeneva hi pariññeyyādīni viya tānipi tassa pākaṭāni honti .
Vivaṭṭānupassanāya hi saṅkhārehi patilīyamānamānasassa uppajjamānaṃ maggañāṇaṃ visaṅkhāraṃ dukkhanissaraṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā dukkhaṃ paricchindati , dukkhagatañca taṇhaṃ pajahati , nirodhañca sacchikaroti phusati .
Ādicco viya pabhāya sammāsaṅkappādīhi saha samuppannaṃ taṃ maggaṃ bhāveti , na ca saṅkhāre amuñcitvā pavattamānena ñāṇena etaṃ sabbaṃ kātuṃ sakkā nimittapavattehi avuṭṭhitattā .
Tasmā etāni kiccāni karontaṃ taṃ ñāṇaṃ dukkhādīni vibhāveti
V2.204 tattha sammohanivattanenāti ‘‘ cattāripi saccāni paṭivijjhatī ’’ ti vuttaṃ , ekapaṭivedhenāti adhippāyo .Dukkhasamudayampi so passatīti kālantaradassanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti ce ?
Na ,‘‘ yo nu kho , āvuso , dukkhaṃ passati , dukkhasamudayampi so passatī ’’ tiādinā ( saṃ . ni .5.1100) ekadassino aññattayadassitāvicāraṇāyaṃ taṃsādhanatthaṃ āyasmatā
M2.217 gavampati ttherena imassa suttassa ānītattā , paccekañca saccesu dissamānesu aññattayadassanassa yojitattā .
Aññathā anupubbābhisamaye purimadiṭṭhassa pacchā adassanato samudayādidassino dukkhādidassitā na yojetabbā siyā .
Yojitā ca sā ‘‘ yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati , dukkhampi so passatī ’’ tiādinā ( saṃ . ni .5.1100).Lokiyaṃ saccañāṇaṃ .
Tattha lokiyañāṇe .
Pariyuṭṭhānasaṅkhāto abhibhavo pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavo , tassa vasena .
Suddhasaṅkhārapuñjamattadassanato sakkāyadiṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānaṃ nivatteti .
‘‘ Lokasamudayaṃ kho , kaccāna , yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā , sā na hotī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .2.15) vacanato samudayadassanaṃ hetuphalapabandhāvicchedadassanato pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavavasena pavattamānaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti .
‘‘ Lokanirodhaṃ kho … pe … passato yā loke atthitā , sā na hotī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .2.15) vacanato nirodhadassanaṃ hetunirodhā phalanirodhadassanato sassatadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti .
Attakārassa paccakkhadassanato maggadassanaṃ ‘‘ natthi attakāre , natthi parakāre , natthi purisakāre ’’ tiādikaṃ ( dī . ni .1.168) akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati .
‘‘ Natthi hetu , natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya , ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti , natthi hetu … pe … visuddhiyā , ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhantī ’’ tiādikā ( dī . ni .1.168; ma . ni .2.101,227; saṃ . ni .3.212) ahetukadiṭṭhi ca idha akiriyādiṭṭhiggahaṇeneva gahitāti daṭṭhabbā .
Sāpi hi visuddhimaggadassanena pahīyatīti .
Dukkhe ñāṇaṃ samudayaphalassa dukkhassa addhuvādibhāvaṃ passatīti phale vippaṭipattiṃ nivatteti .
Issaro lokaṃ pavatteti sajjeti nivatteti saṃharatīti issarakāraṇino vadanti .
Padhānato loko āvi bhavati , tattheva ca patilīyatīti padhānakāraṇino .
‘‘ Kālo
V2.205 karoti bhūtāni , kālo saṃharatī pajā ;
Kālo sutte jāgarati , kālo hi duratikkamo ’’ ti .
–
Kālavādino .
Kaṇṭakassa tikhiṇabhāvo viya , kapiṭṭhaphalādīnaṃ parimaṇḍalatā viya , migapakkhisarīsapādīnaṃ vicittatā viya ca sabhāveneva loko sambhoti , vibhoti cāti sabhāvavādino .
Ādi -saddena aṇūhiM2.218 loko pavattati , sabbaṃ pubbekatahetu , loko niyato acchejjasuttāvutābhejjamaṇisadiso , na ettha kassaci purisakāroti niyativādino .
‘‘ Yadicchāya pavattanti , yadicchāya nivattare ;
Yadicchāya sukhaṃ dukkhaṃ , tasmā yādicchakī pajā ’’ ti .
–
Yadicchāvādino , ye adhiccasamuppattivādinoti ca vuccanti .
Evamādiakāraṇavādasaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo .Rāmudakaāḷārādīnaṃ viya , arūpaloke nigaṇṭhānaṃ viya ca lokathūpikāyaṃ apavaggo mokkhoti gahaṇaṃ apavaggagāho .
Ādi -saddena padhānassa appavatti , guṇaviyuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānaṃ , brahmunā salokatā , samīpatā , saṃyogo , diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti evamādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Ettha ca padhānassa appavatti mahatādibhāvena apariṇāmo , anabhibyatti vā .
‘‘ Ahamañño , pakati aññā ’’ ti evaṃ pavattapakatipurisantarajānanena attasukhadukkhamohesu avibhāgaggahaṇe kira nivattite vuttanayena padhānaṃ nappavattati , so vimokkhoti kāpilā .
Guṇaviyuttassāti buddhisukhadukkhaicchādosappayattadhammādhammasaṅkhārehi navahi attaguṇehi viyuttassāti kaṇādamatānusārino .
Salokatā brahmunā samānalokatā .
Samīpatā tassa samīpappavattitā .
Saṃyogo tena ekībhāvūpagamanaṃ .
‘‘ Indriyatappanaputtamukhadassanādīhi vinā apavaggo natthī ’’ ti gahetvā tathā pavattanaṃ kāmasukhallikānuyogo .
Anasanakesaluñcanāditapacariyāya naggasīlagosīlakukkurasīlādīhi ca attaparitāpanena mokkho hotīti attakilamatho .
Svāyaṃ sabbo micchāgāho saccañāṇe sati patiṭṭhaṃ na labhatīti vuttamevatthaṃ saṅgaṇhanto ‘‘ loke lokappabhave ’’ ti gāthamāhāti .
Ñāṇakiccato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
564. Sesā
M2.219V2.206 sabbadhammāti sesā ekāsīti lokiyadhammā .Ajjhattikabāhiresu dvādasasu āyatanesu kāmabhavavibhavataṇhāvasena dvādasatikā chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni , khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge vā āgatanayena kālavibhāgaṃ anāmasitvā vuttāni .
Tadāmasane hi aṭṭhasataṃ honti .
Asammissan ti ekakattā kenaci asammissaṃ , kuto tadantogadhappabhedoti adhippāyo .
Vīmaṃsiddhipādādīnaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ satipi kiccanānatte atthato ekattā sammādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahoti sammādiṭṭhimukhena tadantogadhatā vuttā .
Tayo nekkhammavitakkādayoti lokiyakkhaṇe alobhamettākaruṇāsampayogavasena bhinnā , maggakkhaṇe lobhabyāpādavihiṃsāsamucchedanavasena tayoti ekopi vutto .
Esa nayo sammāvācā dīsu .
Esa nayo sammāvācā dīsu .
Esa nayo sammāvācā dīsu .
Appicchatāsantuṭṭhitānaṃ pana bhāve sammāājīvasambhavato tena tesaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo .
Bhavantarepi jīvitahetupi ariyehi avītikkamanīyattā ariyakantānaṃ sammāvācādisīlānaṃ gahaṇena yena saddhāhatthena tāni gahetabbāni , so saddhāhattho gahito eva hotīti tato anaññāni saddhindriyasaddhābalāni tattha antogadhāni vuttāni .
Chando pana saddhānuguṇoti katvā chandiddhipādassāpi tadantogadhatā vuttā .
Tesaṃ atthitāyāti saddhindriyasaddhābalachandiddhipādānaṃ atthitāya sīlassa atthibhāvato tividhenāpi sīlena te tayopi gahitāti tattha antogadhā .
Esa nayo sammāvācā dīsu .
Esa nayo sammāvācā dīsu .
Cittasamādhīti cittiddhipādaṃ vadati .
‘‘ Cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayan ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .1.23,192; peṭako .22; mi . pa .2.1.9) hi cittamukhena samādhi vuttoti samādhimukhena cittampi vattabbataṃ arahati .
Cittiddhipādabhāvanāya pana samādhipi adhimatto hotīti vīmaṃsiddhipādādivacanaṃ viya cittiddhipādoti avatvā idha ‘‘ cittasamādhī ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
‘‘ Pītimanassa kāyo passambhati , passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti , sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.466;3.359; saṃ . ni .5.376; a . ni .3.96;11.12) vacanato samādhiupakārā pītipassaddhiyo , tasmā samādhiggahaṇena gahitā .
Upekkhā pana samādhiupakārakato , taṃsadisakiccato ca .
Tasmā samādhisīsena etesaṃ antogadhatā daṭṭhabbā .
Antogadhānaṃ pabhedavinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
565. Bhāro
M2.220 viya dukkhasaccaṃ vighātakattā , saṃharaṇīyavasena vihantabhāvatoti attho .
Bhārādānamiva tattha tattha bhave uppajjanakavighātassa hetubhāvato .
Bhāranikkhepanamiva pavattidukkhavūpasamabhāvatoV2.207 .Rogo viya , dubbhikkhamiva ca bādhakattā .
Roganidānaṃ viya , dubbuṭṭhi viya ca pabhavalakkhaṇattā .
Dubbuṭṭhīti ca avassanaṃ vā ativassanaṃ vā .
Rogavūpasamo viya , subhikkhamiva ca santilakkhaṇattā , sukhabhāvato .
‘‘ Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukhan ’’ ti ( dha . pa .203-204) hi vuttaṃ .
Bhesajjamiva , suvuṭṭhi viya ca dukkhassa hetupacchedato , tassa ca apagamūpāyabhāvato .
Niyyānalakkhaṇañhi maggasaccaṃ .
Aniṭṭhabhāvato , sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayato ca dukkhaṃ verivisarukkhabhayaorimatīrūpamaṃ .
Veraṃ byāpādo , paccatthikabhāvo vā .
Verasamugghāto veravūpasamo mettā .
Verasamugghātupāyo saṅgahavatthūni .
Upamāto vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
566. Esa nayo samudayādīsūti atthi cettha samudayo , na ariyasaccaṃ , atthi ariyasaccaṃ , na samudayo , atthi samudayo ceva ariyasaccañca , atthi neva samudayo na ariyasaccanti .
Sesasaccadvayepi eseva nayo .
Na ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyapahātabbāsaṅkhataniyyānabhāvābhāvato .
Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayan ti samudayamaggasaccadvayamāha .
Siyā dukkhaṃ saṅkhāradukkhatāya .
Tenāha ‘‘ aniccato ’’ ti .
Tathattenāti tathasabhāvena , pariññeyyabhāvenāti attho .
Etena taṃ ariyasaccadvayaṃ ‘‘ siyā dukkhaṃ , na ariyasaccaṃ , siyā ariyasaccaṃ , na dukkhan ’’ ti imamatthaṃ dasseti .
Ariyasaccasaddaparā hi dukkhādisaddā pariññeyyādibhāvaṃ vadanti .
Teneva ariyasaccasaddānapekkhaṃ dukkhasaddaṃ sandhāya maggasampayuttasāmaññaphaladhammānaṃ ādipadasaṅgaho vutto , ariyasaccasaddāpekkhaṃ pana sandhāya catutthapadasaṅgaho .
Sabbākārenāti sabbappakārena .
Yathā maggasampayuttadhammādayo ekaṅgavikalā , evaṃ ahutvā sabbaṅgayogena dukkhatāya ceva ariyasaccatāya cāti attho .
‘‘ Upādānakkhandhapañcakan ’’ ti vutte taṇhāyapi saṅgaho siyāti taṃnivattanatthaṃ ‘‘ aññatra taṇhāyā ’’ ti vuttaṃ tassā visuṃ ariyasaccabhāvato .
Samudayādīsu avasesakilesādayo pabhavaṭṭhena samudayo , na ariyasaccaṃ suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā ayanti katvā
M2.221 .
Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ , na samudayo .
Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā samudayo attano phalassa paccayaṭṭhena , na pana yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena , sabbākārena pana taṇhāsamudayo ceva ariyasaccañca .
Maggasampayuttadhammā , sāmaññaphalāni ca yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena neva samudayo , na ariyasaccaṃ .Saṅkhāranirodho , nirodhasamāpatti ca nirodho , na ariyasaccaṃ .
Samudayo
V2.208 ariyasaccaṃ , na nirodho .
Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā nirodho khaṇanirodhasabbhāvato , na pana yassa sacchikiriyāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena .
Sabbākārena pana asaṅkhatā dhātu nirodho ceva ariyasaccañca .
Sesaṃ vuttanayameva .Ariyamaggato aññāni maggāni maggo , na ariyasaccaṃ .
Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ , na maggo .
Itaraṃ pana saccadvayaṃ siyā maggo bhavagāminipaṭipadābhāvato , na pana yassa bhāvanāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena , sabbākārena pana nirodhagāminipaṭipadā maggo ceva ariyasaccañca .
Sesaṃ vuttanayameva .
Catukkato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
567. Suññānīti vedakādīhi bāhirakaparikappitehīti adhippāyo .
Dukkhañhi vedanīyampi santaṃ vedakarahitaṃ , kevalaṃ pana tasmiṃ attano paccayehi pavattamāne dukkhaṃ vedetīti vohāramattaṃ hoti .
Esa nayo itaresupi .
‘‘ Dukkhamevā ’’ ti avadhāraṇena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ na koci dukkhito ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Kiriyāva vijjatīti samudayasaccaṃ sandhāya vadati .
Purimasaccadvayassa vipākavaṭṭakammavaṭṭasaṅgahato kārakassa vā dukkhasaccasabhāvamāha .
Kātabbāpi hi kiriyā kārakarahitā kevalaṃ attano paccayehi tāya pavattamānāya dukkhasaññite dhammappabandhe kiriyaṃ karotīti vohāramattaṃ hoti .
Nibbutagamakesupi eseva nayo .
‘‘ Maggo atthī ’’ ti vattabbe ‘‘ maggamatthī ’’ ti okārassa abhāvo katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ .
Gamakoti nibbutiṃ gantā .
Kilesāsucipaggharaṇaṭṭhena sāsavatā asubhatāti katvā anāsavattā nirodhamaggā subhā eva .
Dukkhādīnaṃ pariyāyena samudayādibhāvo ca atthi
M2.222 , na pana nirodhabhāvo , nirodhassa vā na dukkhādibhāvoti nirodhāvasesattayānaṃ na aññamaññasamaṅgitāti āha ‘‘ nirodhasuññāni vā ’’ tiādi .Samudaye dukkhassābhāvatoti ponobhavikāya taṇhāya punabbhavassa abhāvato .
Yathā vā pakativādīnaṃ vikārā avikāribhāvato , pubbe patipalīnā ca pakatibhāveneva tiṭṭhanti , na evaṃ samudayasampayuttampi dukkhaṃ samudayabhāvena tiṭṭhatīti āha ‘‘ samudaye dukkhassābhāvato ’’ ti
V2.209 .
Magge ca nirodhassa abhāvatoti sambandho .
Yathā avibhattehi vikārehi mahāhaṅkāratammattavisesindriyabhūtavisesehi pakatibhāveneva ṭhitehi pakati sagabbhā icchitā pakativādīhi , evaṃ na phalena sagabbho hetūti attho .‘‘ Dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā ’’ ti etaṃ vivaranto āha ‘‘ na hetusamavetaṃ hetuphalan ’’ tiādi .
Tattha ‘‘ idha tantūsu paṭo , kapālesu ghaṭo , bīraṇesu kaṭo dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇukan ’’ tiādinā idha vuddhivohārajanako avisuṃ siddhānaṃ sambandho samavāyo , tena samavāyena kāraṇesu dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇukaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ ekībhūtamiva sambaddhaṃ , tīsu aṇūsu tiaṇukanti evaṃ mahāpathavīmahāudakamahāaggimahāvātakkhandhapariyantaṃ phalaṃ attano kāraṇesu samavetanti samavāyavādino vadanti .
Evaṃ pana vadantehi aparimāṇesu kāraṇesu mahāparimāṇaṃ ekaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ attano antogadhehi kāraṇehi sagabbhaṃ asuññanti vuttaṃ hoti .
Evamidha samavāyābhāvā phale hetu natthīti hetusuññaṃ phalanti attho .
Suññato vinicchayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
Iti magganiddesakathāvaṇṇanā .