21. Tattha bhāyanti etasmāti bhayaṃ , jātijarādi . Bhayassāti nissakke sāmivacanaṃ , bhayato bhāyitabbanimittaṃ jātijarāmaraṇādinā hetunā nāhaṃ bhāyāmīti attho . Tattha kāraṇamāhaV1.80 ‘‘ satthā no amatassa kovido ’’ ti . Amhākaṃ satthā amate kusalo veneyyānaṃ amatadāne cheko . Yattha bhayaṃ nāvatiṭṭhatīti yasmiṃ nibbāne yathāvuttaṃ bhayaṃ na tiṭṭhati okāsaṃ na labhati . Tenāti tato nibbānato . Vajantīti abhayaṭṭhānameva gacchanti . Nibbānañhi abhayaṭṭhānaṃ nāma . Kena pana vajantīti āha ‘‘ maggena vajanti bhikkhavo ’’ ti , aṭṭhaṅgikena ariyamaggena satthu ovādakaraṇā bhikkhū saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanakāti attho . Yatthāti vā yaṃ nimittaṃ yassa ariyamaggassaP1.81 adhigamahetu attānuvādādikaṃ pañcavīsatividhampi bhayaṃ nāvatiṭṭhati patiṭṭhaṃ na labhati , tena ariyena maggena vajanti abhayaṭṭhānaṃ satthu sāsane bhikkhū , tena maggena ahampi gato , tasmā nāhaṃ bhayassa bhāyāmīti thero aññaṃ byākāsi . Nigrodhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

2. Cittakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā NīlāsugīvātiM1.96 āyasmato cittakattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira padumuttarabuddhakālato paṭṭhāya vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ ācinanto ito ekanavute kappe manussayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā viññuttaṃ patto vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ passitvā pasannamānaso pupphehi pūjaṃ katvā vanditvā ‘‘ santadhammena nāma ettha bhavitabban ’’ ti satthari nibbāne ca adhimucci . So tena puññakammena tato cuto tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbatto aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe vibhavasampannassa brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti cittako nāma nāmena . So bhagavati rājagahaṃ gantvā veḷuvane viharante satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā cariyānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññāyatanaṃ pavisitvā bhāvanānuyutto jhānaṃ nibbattetvā jhānapādakaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nacireneva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.50.1-7)– ‘‘ Kaṇikāraṃva jotantaṃ , nisinnaṃ pabbatantare ; Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ , vipassiṃ lokanāyakaṃ . ‘‘ Tīṇi kiṅkaṇipupphāni , paggayha abhiropayiṃ ; Sambuddhaṃ abhipūjetvā , gacchāmi dakkhiṇāmukho . ‘‘ TenaV1.81 kammena sukatena , cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca ; Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ , tāvatiṃsaṃ agacchahaṃ . ‘‘ Ekanavute ito kappe , yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā satthāraṃ vandituṃ rājagahaṃ upagato tattha bhikkhūhi ‘‘ kiṃ , āvuso , araññe appamatto vihāsī ’’ ti puṭṭho attano appamādavihāranivedanena aññaṃ byākaronto ‘‘ nīlāsugīvā ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

22. TatthaM1.97 nīlāsugīvāti nīlasugīvā , gāthāsukhatthañhettha dīghoP1.82 kato , rājivantatāya sundarāya gīvāya samannāgatoti attho . Te yebhuyyena ca nīlavaṇṇatāya nīlā . Sobhanakaṇṭhatāya sugīvā . Sikhinoti matthake jātāya sikhāya sassirikabhāvena sikhino . Morāti mayūrā . Kārambhiyan ti kārambarukkhe . Kārambhiyan ti vā tassa vanassa nāmaṃ . Tasmā kārambhiyanti kārambhanāmake vaneti attho . Abhinadantīti pāvussakāle meghagajjitaṃ sutvā kekāsaddaṃ karontā utusampadāsiddhena sarena haṃsādike abhibhavantā viya nadanti .

Teti te morā . Sītavātakīḷitāti sītena meghavātena sañjātakīḷitā madhuravassitaṃ vassantā . Suttan ti bhattasammadavinodanatthaṃ sayitaṃ , kāyakilamathapaṭipassambhanāya vā anuññātavelāyaṃ supantaṃ . Jhāyan ti samathavipassanājhānehi jhāyanasīlaṃ bhāvanānuyuttaṃ . Nibodhentīti pabodhenti . ‘‘ Imepi nāma niddaṃ anupagantvā jāgarantā attanā kattabbaṃ karonti , kimaṅgaṃ panāhan ’’ ti evaṃ sampajaññuppādanena sayanato vuṭṭhāpentīti adhippāyo .

Cittakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

3. Gosālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā Ahaṃ kho veḷugumbasmin ti āyasmato gosālattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? Sopi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ ācinanto ito ekanavute kappe aññatarasmiṃ pabbate rukkhasākhāyaṃ olambamānaṃ paccekabuddhassa paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ disvā ‘‘ arahaddhajo vatāyan ’’ ti pasannacitto pupphehi pūjehi . So tena puññakammenaP1.83 tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbattoV1.82 . Tato paṭṭhāya devamanussesuyeva saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe ibbhakule nibbatto gosālo nāma nāmena . Soṇena pana koṭikaṇṇena kataparicayattā tassa pabbajitabhāvaṃ sutvā ‘‘ sopi nāma mahāvibhavo pabbajissatiM1.98 , kimaṅgaṃ panāhan ’’ ti sañjātasaṃvego bhagavato santike pabbajitvā cariyānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sappāyaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gavesanto attano jātagāmassa avidūre ekasmiṃ sānupabbate vihāsi . Tassa mātā divase divase bhikkhaṃ deti . Athekadivasaṃ gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhassa mātā madhusakkharābhisaṅkhataṃ pāyāsaṃ adāsi . So taṃ gahetvā tassa pabbatassa chāyāyaṃ aññatarassa veḷugumbassa mūle nisīditvā paribhuñjitvā dhovitapattapāṇī vipassanaṃ ārabhi . Bhojanasappāyalābhena kāyacittānaṃ kallatāya samāhito udayabbayañāṇādike tikkhe sūre vahante appakasireneva vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā bhāvanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpento saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ sacchākāsi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.50.8-14)– ‘‘ Himavantassa avidūre , udaṅgaṇo nāma pabbato ; Tatthaddasaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ , dumaggamhi vilambitaṃ . ‘‘ Tīṇi kiṅkaṇipupphāni , ocinitvānahaṃ tadā ; Heṭṭhā pahaṭṭhena cittena , paṃsukūlaṃ apūjayiṃ . ‘‘ Tena kammena sukatena , cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca ; Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ , tāvatiṃsaṃ agacchahaṃ . ‘‘ Ekanavute ito kappe , yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , pūjitvā arahaddhajaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana adhigantvā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ pabbatasānumeva gantukāmo attano paṭipattiṃ pavedento ‘‘ ahaṃ kho veḷugumbasmin ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

23. Tattha veḷugumbasmin ti veḷugacchassa samīpe , tassa chāyāyaṃ .

Bhutvāna madhupāyasan ti madhupasittapāyāsaṃ bhuñjitvā .

Padakkhiṇan ti padakkhiṇaggāhena , satthu ovādassa sammā sampaṭicchanenāti attho . Sammasanto khandhānaṃP1.84 udayabbayan ti pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ udayabbayañca vipassanto , yadipi idāniM1.99 katakicco , phalasamāpattiṃ pana samāpajjituṃ vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapentoti adhippāyo .

Sānuṃ paṭigamissāmīti pubbe mayā vutthapabbatasānumeva uddissaV1.83 gacchissāmi . Vivekamanubrūhayan ti paṭipassaddhivivekaṃ phalasamāpattikāyavivekañca paribrūhayanto , tassa vā paribrūhanahetu gamissāmīti .

Evaṃ pana vatvā thero tattheva gato , ayameva ca imassa therassa aññābyākaraṇagāthā ahosi . Gosālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā . 4. Sugandhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Anuvassiko pabbajitoti āyasmato sugandhattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira ito dvānavute kappe tissassa nāma sammāsambuddhassa kāle manussayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto migabyadhanena araññe vicarati . Satthā tassa anukampāya padavaḷañjaṃ dassetvā gato . So satthu padacetiyāni disvā purimabuddhesu katādhikāratāya ‘‘ sadevake loke aggapuggalassa imāni padānī ’’ ti pītisomanassajāto koraṇḍakapupphāni gahetvā pūjaṃ katvā cittaṃ pasādesi . So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbattitvā tato cuto aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato kāle kuṭumbiko hutvā satthu bhikkhusaṅghassa ca mahādānaṃ pavattetvā gandhakuṭiṃ mahagghagositacandanaṃ pisitvā tena paribhaṇḍaṃ katvā patthanaṃ paṭṭhapesi – ‘‘ nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne mayhaṃ sarīraṃ evaṃsugandhaṃ hotū ’’ ti . Evaṃ aññānipi tattha tattha bhave bahūni puññakammāni katvā sugatīsu eva parivattamāno imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ vibhavasampannassa brāhmaṇassa gehe nibbatti . Nibbattassa ca tassa mātukucchigatakālato paṭṭhāya mātu sarīraṃ sakalampi gehaṃ surabhigandhaṃ vāyati . Jātadivase pana visesato paramasugandhaṃ sāmantagehesupi vāyateva . Tassa mātāpitaro ‘‘ amhākaṃ putto attanāvaP1.85 attano nāmaṃ gahetvā āgato ’’ ti sugandho tveva nāmaṃ akaṃsu . So anupubbena vayappattoM1.100 mahāselattheraṃ disvā tassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto sattāhabbhantare eva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.50.15-24)– ‘‘ Vanakammiko pure āsiṃ , pitumātumatenahaṃ ; Pasumārena jīvāmi , kusalaṃ me na vijjati . ‘‘ Mama āsayasāmantā , tisso lokagganāyako ; Padāni tīṇi dassesi , anukampāya cakkhumā . ‘‘ AkkanteV1.84 ca pade disvā , tissanāmassa satthuno ; Haṭṭho haṭṭhena cittena , pade cittaṃ pasādayiṃ . ‘‘ Koraṇḍaṃ pupphitaṃ disvā , pādapaṃ dharaṇīruhaṃ ; Sakosakaṃ gahetvāna , padaseṭṭhaṃ apūjayiṃ . ‘‘ Tena kammena sukatena , cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca ; Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ , tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ . ‘‘ Yaṃ yaṃ yonupapajjāmi , devattaṃ atha mānusaṃ ; Koraṇḍakachavī homi , suppabhāso bhavāmahaṃ . ‘‘ Dvenavute ito kappe , yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , padapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākaronto ‘‘ anuvassiko pabbajito ’’ ti imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi .

24. Tattha anuvassikoti anugato upagato vassaṃ anuvasso , anuvassova anuvassiko . Pabbajitoti pabbajjaṃ upagato , pabbajito hutvā upagatavassamatto ekavassikoti attho . Atha vā anugataṃ pacchāgataṃ apagataṃ vassaṃ anuvassaṃ , taṃ assa atthīti anuvassiko . Yassa pabbajitassa vassaṃ aparipuṇṇatāya na gaṇanūpagataṃ , so evaṃ vutto , tasmāM1.101 avassikoti vuttaṃ hoti .

Passa dhammasudhammatan ti tava satthu dhammassa sudhammabhāvaṃ svākkhātataṃ ekantaniyyānikataṃ passa , yattha anuvassiko tuvaṃ pabbajito .

Pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ āsavakkhayañāṇanti tisso vijjā tayā anuppattā sacchikatā , tato eva kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ sammāsambuddhassa sāsanaṃ anusiṭṭhi ovādo anusikkhitoti katakiccataṃ nissāya pītisomanassajāto thero attānaṃ paraṃ viya katvā vadatīti .

Sugandhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

5. Nandiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā Obhāsajātan tiP1.86 āyasmato nandiyattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira padumuttarassa bhagavatoV1.85 kāle satthari parinibbute cetiye candanasārena vedikaṃ kāretvā uḷāraṃ pūjāsakkāraṃ pavattesi . Tato paṭṭhāya ajjhāsayasampanno hutvā tattha tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ bahuṃ puññakammaṃ ācinitvā devesu ca manussesu ca saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ sakyarājakule nibbatti . Tassa mātāpitaro nandiṃ janento jātoti nandiyoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu . So vayappatto anuruddhādīsu satthu santike pabbajantesu sayampi pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto katādhikāratāya nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 1.15.15-20)– ‘‘ Padumuttaro nāma jino , lokajeṭṭho narāsabho ; Jalitvā aggikhandhova , sambuddho parinibbuto . ‘‘ Nibbute ca mahāvīre , thūpo vitthāriko ahu ; Dūratova upaṭṭhenti , dhātugehavaruttame . ‘‘ Pasannacitto sumano , akaṃ candanavedikaṃ ; Dissati thūpakhandho ca , thūpānucchaviko tadā . ‘‘ BhaveM1.102 nibbattamānamhi , devatte atha mānuse . Omattaṃ me na passāmi , pubbakammassidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Pañcadasakappasate , ito aṭṭha janā ahuṃ ; Sabbe samattanāmā te cakkavattī mahabbalā . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā anuruddhattherādīhi saddhiṃ pācīnavaṃsamigadāye viharante imasmiṃ there ekadivasaṃ māro pāpimā bhiṃsāpetukāmo tassa bheravarūpaṃ dasseti . Thero taṃ ‘‘ māro ayan ’’ ti ñatvā ‘‘ pāpima , ye māradheyyaṃ vītivattā , tesaṃ tava kiriyā kiṃ karissati , tatonidānaṃ pana tvaṃ eva vighātaṃ anatthaṃ pāpuṇissasī ’’ ti dassento ‘‘ obhāsajātaṃ phalagan ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

25. Tattha obhāsajātan ti ñāṇobhāsena jātobhāsaṃ aggamaggañāṇassa adhigatattā . Tena anavasesato kilesandhakārassa vihataviddhaṃsitabhāvato ativiya pabhassaranti attho .

Phalagan ti phalaṃ gataṃ upagataṃ , aggaphalañāṇasahitanti adhippāyo . Cittan ti khīṇāsavassa cittaṃ sāmaññena vadati . Tenāha ‘‘ abhiṇhaso ’’ ti . Tañhi nirodhaninnatāya khīṇāsavānaṃ niccakappaṃ arahattaphalasamāpattisamāpajjanato ‘‘ phalena sahitan ’’ ti vattabbataṃ arahati .

Tādisan ti tathārūpaṃ , arahantantiV1.86 attho . Āsajjāti visodhetvā paribhuyya . Kaṇhāti māraṃ ālapati , so hi kaṇhakammattā kaṇhābhijātitāyaP1.87 ca ‘‘ kaṇho ’’ ti vuccati . Dukkhaṃ nigacchasīti idha kucchianuppavesādinā niratthakaṃ kāyaparissamaṃ dukkhaṃ , samparāye ca appatikāraṃ apāyadukkhaṃ upagamissasi pāpuṇissasi . Taṃ sutvā māro ‘‘ jānāti maṃ samaṇo ’’ ti tatthevantaradhāyīti .

Nandiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

6. Abhayattheragāthāvaṇṇanā SutvāM1.103 subhāsitaṃ vācan ti āyasmato abhayattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira padumuttarassa bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā dhammakathiko hutvā dhammakathanakāle paṭhamaṃ catūhi gāthāhi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavitvā pacchā dhammaṃ kathesi . Tenassa puññakammabalena kappānaṃ satasahassaṃ apāyapaṭisandhi nāma nāhosi . Tathā hi vuttaṃ – ‘‘ Abhitthavitvā padumuttaraṃ jinaṃ , pasannacitto abhayo sayambhuṃ ; Na gacchi kappāni apāyabhūmiṃ , satasahassāni uḷārasaddho ’’ ti .( apa . thera 2.55.221) Khettasampattiyādīhi tassa ca pubbapacchimasanniṭṭhānacetanānaṃ ativiya uḷārabhāvena so aparimeyyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando tādiso ahosi . ‘‘ Acintiye pasannānaṃ , vipāko hoti acintiyo ’’ ti ( apa . thera 1.1.82) hi vuttaṃ . Tattha tattha hi bhave upacitaṃ puññaṃ tassa upatthambhakamahosi . Tathā hi so vipassissa bhagavato ketakapupphehi pūjamakāsi . Evaṃ uḷārehi puññavisesehi sugatīsu eva saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rañño bimbisārassa puttoP1.88 hutvā nibbatti . Abhayo tissa nāmaṃ ahosi . Tassa uppatti parato āvi bhavissati . So nigaṇṭhena nāṭaputtena ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ sikkhāpetvā ‘‘ imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchitvā samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehī ’’ ti vissajjito bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā taṃ pañhaṃ pucchitvā tassa pañhassa anekaṃsabyākaraṇabhāve bhagavatā kathite nigaṇṭhānaṃ parājayaṃ , satthu ca sammāsambuddhabhāvaṃ viditvā upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesi . Tato raññe bimbisāre kālaṅkate sañjātasaṃvego sāsane pabbajitvā tālacchiggaḷūpamasuttadesanāya sotāpanno hutvā puna vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.52.17-22)– ‘‘ VinatānadiyāV1.87 tīre , vihāsi purisuttamo ; Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ , ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ . ‘‘ MadhugandhassaM1.104 pupphena , ketakassa ahaṃ tadā ; Pasannacitto sumano , buddhaseṭṭhamapūjayiṃ . ‘‘ Ekanavute ito kappe , yaṃ pupphamabhipūjayiṃ ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattikittanena aññaṃ byākaronto ‘‘ sutvā subhāsitaṃ vācan ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

26. Tattha sutvāti sotaṃ odahitvā , sotadvārānusārena upadhāretvā .

Subhāsitan ti suṭṭhu bhāsitaṃ , sammadeva bhāsitaṃ , sammāsambuddhabhāvato mahākāruṇikatāya ca kiñci avisaṃvādetvā yathādhippetassa atthassa ekantato sādhanavasena bhāsitaṃ catusaccavibhāvanīyadhammakathaṃ . Na hi saccavinimuttā bhagavato dhammadesanā atthi . Buddhassāti sabbaññubuddhassa . Ādiccabandhunoti ādiccavaṃse sambhūtattā ādicco bandhu etassāti ādiccabandhu , bhagavā . Tassa ādiccabandhuno . Ādiccassa vā bandhūti ādiccabandhu , bhagavā . Tassa bhagavato orasaputtabhāvato . Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘ Yo andhakāre tamasī pabhaṅkaro , verocano maṇḍalī uggatejo ; Mā rāhu gilī caramantalikkhe , pajaṃ mamaṃ rāhu pamuñca sūriyan ’’ ti .( saṃ . ni .1.91);

Paccabyadhin tiP1.89 paṭivijjhiṃ . Hī-ti nipātamattaṃ . Nipuṇan ti saṇhaṃ paramasukhumaṃ , nirodhasaccaṃ , catusaccameva vā . Hī-ti vā hetuatthe nipāto . Yasmā paccabyadhiṃ nipuṇaṃ catusaccaṃ , tasmā na dāni kiñci paṭivijjhitabbaṃ atthīti attho . Yathā kiṃ paṭivijjhīti āha ‘‘ vālaggaṃ usunā yathā ’’ ti . Yathā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiṃ susikkhito kusalo issāso usunā kaṇḍena avirajjhanto vijjheyya , evaṃ paccabyadhiṃ nipuṇaṃ ariyasaccanti yojanā .

Abhayattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

7. Lomasakaṅgiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā DabbaṃM1.105V1.88 kusan ti āyasmato lomasakaṅgiyattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira ito ekanavute kappe vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ passitvā pasannamānaso nānāpupphehi pūjetvā tena puññakammena devaloke nibbatto puna aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karoti . Tena ca samayena satthārā bhaddekarattapaṭipadāya kathitāya aññataro bhikkhu bhaddekarattasuttavasena tena sākacchaṃ karoti . So taṃ na sampāyāsi . Asampāyanto ‘‘ ahaṃ anāgate tuyhaṃ bhaddekarattaṃ kathetuṃ samattho bhaveyyan ’’ ti paṇidhānaṃ akāsi , itaro ‘‘ puccheyyan ’’ ti . Etesu paṭhamo ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devamanussesu saṃsaritvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle kapilavatthusmiṃ sākiyarājakule nibbatti . Tassa sukhumālabhāvena soṇassa viya pādatalesu lomāni jātāni , tenassa lomasakaṅgiyoti nāmaṃ ahosi . Itaro devaloke nibbattitvā candanoti paññāyittha . Lomasakaṅgiyo anuruddhādīsu sakyakumāresu pabbajantesu pabbajituṃ na icchi . Atha naṃ saṃvejetuṃ candano devaputto upasaṅkamitvā bhaddekarattaṃ pucchi . Itaro ‘‘ na jānāmī ’’ ti . Puna devaputto ‘‘ atha kasmā tayā ‘ bhaddekarattaṃ katheyyan ’ tiP1.90 saṅgaro kato , idāni pana nāmamattampi na jānāsī ’’ ti codesi . Itaro tena saddhiṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ,‘‘ mayā kira , bhante , pubbe ‘ imassa bhaddekarattaṃ kathessāmī ’ ti saṅgaro kato ’’ ti pucchi . Bhagavā ‘‘ āma , kulaputta , kassapassa bhagavato kāle tayā evaṃ katan ’’ ti āha . Svāyamattho uparipaṇṇāsake āgatanayena vitthārato veditabbo . Atha lomasakaṅgiyo ‘‘ tena hi , bhante , pabbājetha man ’’ ti āha . Bhagavā ‘‘ na , kho , tathāgatā mātāpitūhi ananuññātaṃ puttaṃ pabbājentī ’’ ti paṭikkhipi . So mātu santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘ anujānāhi maṃ , amma , pabbajituṃ , pabbajissāmahan ’’ ti vatvā , mātarā ‘‘ tāta , sukhumālo tvaṃ kathaṃ pabbajissasī ’’ ti vutte ,‘‘ attano parissayasahanabhāvaṃ pakāsento ‘‘ dabbaṃ kusaṃ poṭakilan ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

27. TatthaM1.106 dabban ti dabbatiṇamāha , yaṃ ‘‘ saddulo ’’ tipi vuccati . Kusan ti kusatiṇaṃ , yo ‘‘ kāso ’’ ti vuccati . Poṭakilan ti sakaṇṭakaṃ akaṇṭakañca gacchaṃ . Idha pana sakaṇṭakameva adhippetaṃ . Usīrādīni suviññeyyāni . Dabbādīni tiṇāni bīraṇatiṇāni pādehi akkantassāpi dukkhajanakāni gamanantarāyakarāni ca , tāni ca panāhaṃ urasā panudissāmi urasāpi apanessāmi . Evaṃ apanento taṃ nimittaṃ dukkhaṃ sahanto araññāyatane gumbantaraṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ sakkhissāmi . Ko pana vādo pādehi akkamaneti dasseti . Vivekamanubrūhayan tiV1.89 kāyavivekaṃ cittavivekaṃ upadhivivekañca anubrūhayanto . Gaṇasaṅgaṇikañhi pahāya kāyavivekaṃ anubrūhayantasseva aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu yattha katthaci cittaṃ samādahantassa cittaviveko , na saṅgaṇikāratassa . Samāhitasseva vipassanāya kammaṃ karontassa samathavipassanañca yuganaddhaṃ karontassa kilesānaṃ khepanena upadhivivekādhigamo , na asamāhitassa . Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ vivekamanubrūhayanti kāyavivekaṃ cittavivekaṃ upadhivivekañca anubrūhayanto ’’ ti . Evaṃ pana puttena vutte mātā ‘‘ tena hi , tāta , pabbajā ’’ ti anujāni . So bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ yāci . TaṃP1.91 satthā pabbājesi . Taṃ pabbajitvā katapubbakiccaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññaṃ pavisantaṃ bhikkhū āhaṃsu – ‘‘ āvuso , tvaṃ sukhumālo kiṃ sakkhissasi araññe vasitun ’’ ti . So tesampi tameva gāthaṃ vatvā araññaṃ pavisitvā bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjanto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.52.23-27)– ‘‘ Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ , āhutīnaṃ paṭiggahaṃ ; Rathiyaṃ paṭipajjantaṃ , nānāpupphehi pūjayiṃ . ‘‘ Ekanavutito kappe , yaṃ pupphamabhipūjayiṃ ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā thero aññaṃ byākaronto taṃyeva gāthaṃ abhāsīti . Lomasakaṅgiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

8. Jambugāmiyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā KacciM1.107 no vatthapasutoti āyasmato jambugāmiyaputtattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira purimabuddhesu katādhikāro hutvā tattha tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ ācinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe vessabhussa bhagavato kāle ekadivasaṃ kiṃsukāni pupphāni disvā tāni pupphāni gahetvā buddhaguṇe anussaranto bhagavantaṃ uddissa ākāse khipanto pūjesi . So tena puññakammena tāvatiṃsesu nibbatto . Tato paraṃ puññāni katvā aparāparaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde campāyaṃ jambugāmiyassa nāma upāsakassa putto hutvā nibbatti . TenaV1.90 puññakammena tāvatiṃsesu nibbatto . Tato paraṃ puññāni katvā aparāparaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde campāyaṃ jambugāmiyassa nāma upāsakassa putvā nibbatti . Tenassa jambugāmiyaputto tveva samaññā ahosi . So vayappatto bhagavato santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaṃvego pabbajitvā katapubbakicco kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sākete añjanavane vasati . Athassa pitā ‘‘ kiṃ nu kho mama putto sāsane abhirato viharati , udāhu no ’’ ti vīmaṃsanatthaṃ ‘‘ kacci no vatthapasuto ’’ ti gāthaṃ likhitvā pesesi . So taṃ vācetvā ,‘‘ pitā me pamādavihāraṃ āsaṅkati , ahañca ajjāpi puthujjanabhūmiṃ nātivatto ’’ ti saṃvegajāto ghaṭento vāyamanto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 2.50.25-30)– ‘‘ KiṃsukaṃP1.92 pupphitaṃ disvā , paggahetvāna añjaliṃ ; Buddhaseṭṭhaṃ saritvāna , ākāse abhipūjayiṃ . ‘‘ Tena kammena sukatena , cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca ; Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ , tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ . ‘‘ Ekatiṃse ito kappe , yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā ñātīnaṃ vasananagaraṃ gantvā sāsanassa niyyānikabhāvaṃ pakāsento iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassesi . Taṃ disvā ñātakā pasannamānasā bahū saṅghārāme kāresuṃ . Theropi sakapitarā pesitaṃM1.108 gāthaṃ aṅkusaṃ katvā ghaṭento vāyamanto arahattaṃ sacchākāsi . Aññaṃ byākarontopi pitupūjanatthaṃ ‘‘ kacci no vatthapasuto ’’ ti tameva gāthaṃ abhāsi .

28. Tattha kaccīti pucchāyaṃ nipāto . Noti paṭisedhe . Vatthapasutoti vatthe pasuto vatthapasuto , cīvaramaṇḍanābhirato . Nidassanamattañcetaṃ pattamaṇḍanādicāpallapaṭikkhepassāpi adhippetattā . ‘‘ Kacci na vatthapasuto ’’ tipi pāṭho , so evattho . Bhūsanāratoti attabhāvavibhūsanāya rato abhirato , yathekacce pabbajitvāpi capalā kāyadaḷhibahulā cīvarādiparikkhārassa attano sarīrassa ca maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānāya yuttā honti . Kimeva parikkhārapasuto bhūsanārato ca nāhosīti ayamettha padadvayassāpi attho .

Sīlamayaṃ gandhan ti akhaṇḍādibhāvāpādanena suparisuddhassa catubbidhassapi sīlassa vasena yvāyaṃ ‘‘ yo ca sīlavataṃ pajātiV1.91 na itarā dussīlapajā , dussīlattāyeva dussilyamayaṃ duggandhaṃ vāyati , evaṃ tvaṃ duggandhaṃ avāyitvā kacci sīlamayaṃ gandhaṃ vāyasītiP1.93 attho . Atha vā netarā pajāti na itarā dussīlapajā , taṃ kacci na hoti , yato sīlamayaṃ gandhaṃ vāyasīti byatirekena sīlagandhavāyanameva vibhāveti .

Jambugāmiyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

9. Hāritattheragāthāvaṇṇanā Samunnamayamattānan ti āyasmato hāritattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira purimabuddhesu katādhikāro hutvā tattha tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññasambhāraṃ upacinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe sudassanaṃM1.109 nāma paccekasambuddhaṃ disvā pasannamānaso kuṭajapupphehi pūjaṃ katvā tena puññakammena sugatīsuyeva parivattento imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthinagare brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti . Hārito tissa nāmaṃ ahosi . Tassa vayappattassa mātāpitaro kularūpādīhi anucchavikaṃ kumārikaṃ brāhmaṇadhītaraṃ ānesuṃ . So tāya saddhiṃ bhogasukhaṃ anubhavanto ekadivasaṃ attano tassā ca rūpasampattiṃ oloketvā dhammatāya codiyamāno ‘‘ īdisaṃ nāma rūpaṃ nacirasseva jarāya maccunā ca abhippamaddīyatī ’’ ti saṃvegaṃ paṭilabhi . Katipayadivasātikkameneva cassa bhariyaṃ kaṇhasappo ḍaṃsitvā māresi . So tena bhiyyosomattāya sañjātasaṃvego satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā gharabandhane chinditvā pabbaji . Tassa ca cariyānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā viharantassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjati , cittaṃ ujugataṃ na hoti . So gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho aññataraṃ usukāraṃ usudaṇḍaṃ yante pakkhipitvā ujuṃ karontaṃ disvā ‘‘ ime acetanampi nāma ujuṃ karonti , kasmā ahaṃ cittaṃ ujuṃ na karissāmī ’’ ti cintetvā tatova paṭinivattitvā divāṭṭhāne nisinno vipassanaṃ ārabhi . Athassa bhagavā upari ākāse nisīditvā ovādaṃ dento ‘‘ samunnamayamattānan ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi . Ayameva thero attānaṃ paraṃ viya ovadanto abhāsīti ca vadanti .

29. Tattha samunnamayan ti sammā unnamento , samāpattivasena kosajjapakkheP1.94 patituṃ adatvā tato uddharanto vīriyasamataṃ yojentoti attho . Attānan ti cittaṃ , atha vā samunnamayāti kosajjapakkhato samunnamehi . Ma -kāro padasandhikaro . Hīnavīriyatāya tava cittaṃ kammaṭṭhānavīthiṃ nappaṭipajjati ce , taṃ vīriyārambhavasena sammā unnamehi , anonataṃ anapanataṃ karohītiV1.92 adhippāyo .

Evaṃ pana karonto usukārova tejanaṃ .

Cittaṃ ujuṃ karitvāna , avijjaṃ bhinda hāritāti . Yathā nāma usukāro kaṇḍaṃ īsakampi onataṃ apanatañca vijjhanto lakkhaṃ bhindanatthaṃ ujuṃ karoti , evaṃ kosajjapātato arakkhaṇena onataṃ uddhaccapātato arakkhaṇena apanataṃ vijjhanto appanāpattiyā cittaṃ ujuṃM1.110 karitvāna samāhitacitto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā sīghaṃ aggamaggañāṇena avijjaṃ bhinda padālehīti .

Taṃ sutvā thero vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nacireneva arahā ahosi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 1.35.39-43)– ‘‘ Himavantassāvidūre , vasalo nāma pabbato ; Buddho sudassano nāma , vasate pabbatantare . ‘‘ Pupphaṃ hemavantaṃ gayha , vehāsaṃ agamāsahaṃ ; Tatthaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ , oghatiṇṇamanāsavaṃ . ‘‘ Pupphaṃ kuṭajamādāya , sīse katvānahaṃ tadā ; Buddhassa abhiropesiṃ , sayambhussa mahesino . ‘‘ Ekatiṃse ito kappe , yaṃ pupphamabhipūjayiṃ ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , pupphapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākarontopi tameva gāthaṃ abhāsi . Hāritattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

10. Uttiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā Ābādhe me samuppanneti āyasmato uttiyattherassa gāthā . Kā uppatti ? So kira purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto ito catunavute kappe siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle candabhāgāya nadiyā mahārūpoP1.95 susumāro hutvā nibbatto . So pāraṃ gantuṃ nadiyā tīraṃ upagataṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacitto pāraṃ netukāmo tīrasamīpe nipajji . Bhagavā tassa anukampāya piṭṭhiyaṃ pāde ṭhapesi . So haṭṭho udaggo pītivegena diguṇussāho hutvā sotaṃ chindanto sīghena javena bhagavantaṃ paratīraṃ nesi . Bhagavā tassa cittappasādaṃV1.93 oloketvā ‘‘ ayaṃ ito cuto devalokeM1.111 nibbattitvā tato paṭṭhāya sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto ito catunavute kappe amataṃ pāpuṇissatī ’’ ti byākaritvā pakkāmi . So tathā sugatīsuyeva paribbhamanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti uttiyo nāma nāmena . So vayappatto ‘‘ amataṃ pariyesissāmī ’’ ti paribbājako hutvā vicaranto ekadivasaṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā sāsane pabbajitvāpi sīlādīnaṃ avisodhitattā visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkonto aññe bhikkhū visesaṃ nibbattetvā aññaṃ byākaronte disvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā saṅkhepeneva ovādaṃ yāci . Satthāpi tassa ‘‘ tasmātiha tvaṃ , uttiya , ādimeva visodhehī ’’ tiādinā ( saṃ . ni .5.369) saṅkhepeneva ovādaṃ adāsi . So tassa ovāde ṭhatvā vipassanaṃ ārabhi . Tassa āraddhavipassanassa ābādho uppajji . Uppanne pana ābādhe sañjātasaṃvego vīriyārambhavatthuṃ katvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi . Tena vuttaṃ apadāne ( apa . thera 1.3.169-179)– ‘‘ Candabhāgānadītīre , susumāro ahaṃ tadā ; Sagocarapasutohaṃ , nadititthaṃ agacchahaṃ . ‘‘ Siddhattho tamhi samaye , sayambhū aggapuggalo ; Nadiṃ taritukāmo so , nadititthaṃ upāgami . ‘‘ Upagate ca sambuddhe , ahampi tatthupāgamiṃ ; Upagantvāna sambuddhaṃ , imaṃ vācaṃ udīrayiṃ . ‘‘ Abhirūha mahāvīra , tāressāmi ahaṃ tuvaṃ ; Pettikaṃ visayaṃ mayhaṃ , anukampa mahāmuni . ‘‘ Mama uggajjanaṃ sutvā , abhirūhi mahāmuni ; Haṭṭho haṭṭhena cittena , tāresiṃ lokanāyakaṃ . ‘‘ Nadiyā pārime tīre , siddhattho lokanāyako ; Assāsesi mamaṃ tattha , amataṃ pāpuṇissati . ‘‘ TamhāM1.112 kāyā cavitvāna , devalokaṃ agacchahaṃ ; Dibbasukhaṃ anubhaviṃ , accharāhi purakkhato . ‘‘ Sattakkhattuñca devindo , devarajjamakāsahaṃ ; Tīṇikkhattuṃ cakkavattī , mahiyā issaro ahuṃ . ‘‘ VivekamanuyuttohaṃV1.94 , nipako ca susaṃvuto ; Dhāremi antimaṃ dehaṃ , sammāsambuddhasāsane . ‘‘ Catunnavutito kappe , tāresiṃ yaṃ narāsabhaṃ ; Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi , taraṇāya idaṃ phalaṃ . ‘‘ Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ … pe … kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan ’’ ti . Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano sammā paṭipattiyā paripuṇṇākāravibhāvanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto ‘‘ ābādhe me samuppanne ’’ ti gāthaṃ abhāsi .

30. Tattha ābādhe me samuppanneti sarīrassa ābādhanato ‘‘ ābādho ’’ ti laddhanāme visabhāgadhātukkhobhahetuke roge mayhaṃ sañjāte . Sati me udapajjathāti ‘‘ uppanno kho me ābādho , ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati , yadidaṃ ābādho vaḍḍheyya . Yāva panāyaṃ ābādho na vaḍḍhati , handāhaṃP1.96 vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi ‘ appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā ’’’ ti vīriyārambhavatthubhūtā sati tasseva ābādhassa vasena dukkhāya vedanāya pīḷiyamānassa mayhaṃ udapādi .

Tenāha ‘‘ ābodho me samuppanno , kālo me nappamajjitun ’’ ti . Evaṃ uppannañhi satiṃ aṅkusaṃ katvā ayaṃ thero arahattaṃ pattoti .

Uttiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā . Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .